Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Several medical societies have provided formal guidelines recommending various modalities for average-risk populations. These recommendations universally support the use of high-sensitivity fecal occult blood tests, flexible sigmoidoscopy, and colonoscopy for screening. However, there are differences in the support for fecal DNA stool testing and CT colonography. Regardless of the test, it is imperative that physicians and their patients be aware of the characteristics, benefits, and limitations of each modality. This review discusses the recommendations and provides an up-to-date review of the literature for colorectal cancer screening.