A series of experiments was conducted in order to elucidate effects of correction by heating/pressing on mechanical behavior of steel bridge piers. Local buckling deformation of specimens due to loading considering the situation of an earthquake was corrected by heating/pressing, with or without water-cooling. Some out-of-plane deformations were inevitably left to avoid cracking in the welds. This geometric imperfection was defined as residual imperfection. After the correction, the same loading experiment was conducted. From the results, no deterioration was confirmed in mechanical properties of the steel even with water-cooling only if heating temperature was kept below A1 transformation temperature. Although it is ideal to have local buckling deformation repaired within the allowance of initial deflection in correction by heating/pressing, it was elucidated that making the residual imperfection mode opposite to local buckling mode was reasonable for guarantee of the maximum load of the corrected structure.