Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was performed for the identification and assessment of genetic relationships in Indian sorghum comprising released varieties, hybrids and their parental lines (A, B and R-lines). Twenty-three random decamer primers generated 151 amplicons, of which 87 were found to be polymorphic (57.6%). The primer OPL-03 was the most informative as it could alone discriminate 13 accessions out of the 37 studied. The accessions 27B, C 43, CSV 14R and HC 6 were found to have specific bands. Four of the male sterile (27A, 296A, 2219A and AKMS 14A) lines and their respective maintainer (27B, 296B, 2219B and AKMS 14B) lines could be easily differentiated with thirteen random primers (OPA-09, OPC-02, OPD-07, OPE-04, OPE-16, OPG-09, OPL-01, OPL-03, OPL-05, OPL-15, OPL-18, OPV-01 and OPX-12). Based on Jaccard’s similarity coefficient values, the most distant two accessions were CS 3541 and CSV 14R and the closest were 104A and 104B, with similarity values of 0.64 and 1.00 respectively. The average Jaccard’s similarity coefficient of 0.78 revealed low level of genetic diversity in the investigated material. The dendrogram generated by UPGMA could group all the accessions into distinct clusters consistent with established classification viz. grain and forage sorghum and known pedigree information.