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This paper describes an adaptive chosen-ciphertext attack on the Cipher Feedback (CFB) mode of encryption as used in OpenPGP. In most circumstances it will allow an attacker to determine 16 bits of any block of plaintext with about 215 oracle queries for the initial setup work and 215 oracle queries for each block. Standard CFB mode encryption does not appear to be affected by this attack. It applies...
We define a new authentication tree in the symmetric key setting, which has the same computational time, storage and security parameters as the well known Merkle authentication tree, but which unlike the latter, allows for all the cryptographic operations required for an update to be performed in parallel. As in Merkle authentication trees, the cryptographic operations required for verification can...
In this paper we study time/memory/data trade-off attacks from two points of view. We show that Time-Memory trade-off (TMTO) by Hellman may be extended to Time/Memory/Key trade-off. For example, AES with 128-bit key has only 85-bit security if 243 encryptions of an arbitrary fixed text under different keys are available to the attacker. Such attacks are generic and are more practical than some recent...
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