Unprecedented progress during the last three decades in our understanding of the principles of a living cell, particularly the identification of genes and signaling pathways involved in cell differentiation and organ development, has brought us a broader insight into plant biological processes. Technological advancements are revealing new and fundamental knowledge at the molecular and cellular levels, knowledge that is critical towards achieving the goal of precision-based crop improvement. Modern-day genetic engineering has emerged as a promising precision-based technology for boosting up food production in the world and introducing desirable traits such as nutritional enhancement and disease and pest resistance, both important components of agricultural sustainability (Chrispeels et al. 2002; Fatima et al. 2008; Negi and Handa 2008). Achieving results that benefit the world will depend on the success of applying new knowledge to real-world field scenarios. The challenge, therefore, is also to simultaneously obtain knowledge on agroecosystem structure and function to understand how manipulation and control of specific gene expression will translate into directing processes at the ecological scale (Mattoo and Teasdale 2009).