We consider a procedure of computer-aided design of materials with high strength characteristics based on using multicomponent systems with a gradient distribution of the concentration of components. It is shown that, in accordance with the synergetic definition of an impact-deformable material as an open system, with the help of gradient materials one can exercise control of the behavior of a loaded material in nonequilibrium state. The use of gradient materials under intense dynamic loads (impact, explosion) allows improving the stability of the system due to a decrease in the total increment of entropy that is confirmed by the Prigozhin–Klimontovich theorem.