A generalized mathematical model of the behavior of high-strength single-phase ceramics is proposed and analyzed by the example of titanium diboride TiB2, boron carbide B4C, and TiB2 + B4C cermet under impact loading. TiB2-B4C cermet with a metal binder is produced by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis and is characterized by experimentally confirmed high strength and impact resistance under dynamic loading. Piercing of an aluminum plate by a cermet striker and its deformation and fracture are investigated. A special feature of this interaction is the formation of a conical crater on impact. The mathematical modeling data and experimental results are compared and are found to be in satisfactory agreement.