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Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an acute inflammatory process of the pancreas with variable involvement of the pancreas, regional tissues around the pancreas, or remote organ systems. The clinical course may range from mild discomfort with minimal pancreatic inflammation to severe necrotizing pancreatitis, complicated by multiorgan system failure and death. The most common etiologies are gallstones and...
Patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) usually present with sudden onset of abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. Approximately 80% of patients have interstitial pancreatitis with mild-to-moderate symptoms, and 20% have life-threatening necrotizing disease. Careful clinical assessment and the judicial use of biochemical tests and radiological imaging enables the practitioner to differentiate AP from...
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a disease of great social impact with an incidence of approximately 20/100,000 population per year. The mild form, which accounts for 75–80% of cases, has virtually no mortality and benefits from simple symptomatic treatment. In contrast, the severe form is characterized by local and systemic complications, may lead to multiorgan failure, and is burdened by a mortality rate...
Proven and potential causes of acute pancreatitis (AP) are legion. In most epidemiological studies, alcohol abuse and gallstones are the most common causes of AP. In most series, the third most common etiology is idiopathic. Several other etiologies are also described, all of which are rare. However, studies of these rare forms of AP have provided impressive insight into the pathophysiology of AP...
The treatment of mild acute pancreatitis (AP) is largely supportive and includes the administration of fluids intravenously, pain medications, antiemetics, and bowel rest until nausea and vomiting have resolved and narcotics are not required for pain control. Several medications have been studied with the goal to improve patient outcomes, avoid complications associated with pancreatitis, and reduce...
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a protean disease capable of wide clinical variation, ranging from mild discomfort to overwhelming organ failure and death. This chapter introduces definitions, discusses the diagnosis of severe AP (SAP), and examines in detail the various therapeutic options for management of patients with SAP.
The majority of patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) have a mild “edematous” form of the disease with a self-limited course devoid of serious local or systemic sequelae. However, in 3–5% of patients (10–20% in tertiary referral centers), a more severe form involving pancreatic and/or peripancreatic necrosis occurs. Necrotizing pancreatitis is the most severe form and is the predominant cause of serious...
Acute pancreatitis (AP) has a wide range of pathological features, radiological appearances, and treatment options (1). In most cases, it is a mild and self-limiting disease. However, severe disease develops in approximately 20% of patients associated with local and systemic complications (2–5). Fluid collections commonly complicate AP and occur in up to half of cases of patients with moderate-to-severe...
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