Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common hematologic B-cell malignancy, affecting > 16,000 individuals each year in the United States with a median life expectancy of 3–5 years and a prevalence accounting for ∼50,000 patients alive annually, and contributing to ∼12,000 cancer related deaths. MM is characterized by accumulation of clonal malignant plasma cells predominantly within the bone marrow and a heterogenous clinical course, which can be often preceded by a premalignant condition, defined as monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), and may progress to extramedullary and/or disseminated disease. MM is associated with a constellation of disease manifestations, including osteolytic lesions due to uncoupled bone metabolism, anemia and immunosuppression due to loss of normal hematopoietic stem cell function, and end-organ damage due to monoclonal immunoglobulin secretion (Barlogie et al. 2004).