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OBJECTIVE To examine whether the concentrations of maternal serum TSH and free thyroxine (fT4) through pregnancy, the presence of thyroid autoimmunity (TAI) or the dose of levo-thyroxine (LT4) replacement can predict the occurrence of maternal or fetal/neonatal complications in pregnant women treated for maternal hypothyroidism. DESIGN The study included 92 women with singleton pregnancies and primary...
OBJECTIVE Primary central nervous system (CNS) non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma is a rarely encountered clinical entity. Here we present a case of a primary CNS diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma developed on a previously operated and irradiated pituitary macroadenoma. DESIGN-RESULTS A 60-year-old woman presented with muscle weakness and eye lid ptosis. Thirty years ago, she was diagnosed with a...
OBJECTIVE Pregnancy- and lactation-associated osteoporosis (PLO) is an uncommon disease. The majority of cases are seen in the third trimester or early post-partum in primagravid women and the prominent clinical feature of PLO is severe and prolonged back pain and height loss. The prevalence and aetiology of this disorder are as yet unclear and there are no guidelines for its treatment. CASE REPORT...
45,X/46,XY mosaicism is associated with a broad spectrum of phenotypes ranging from apparently normal male development to individuals with incomplete sexual differentiation and clinical signs of Turner syndrome in both males and females. The most common presentation among individuals with a 45,X/46,XY karyotype is sexual ambiguity, accounting for approximately 60% of cases, while the least common...
OBJECTIVE In this cross-sectional epidemiologic study we examined the association between type 2 diabetes mellitus and demographic, clinical, and socioeconomic parameters in large rural, urban and suburban populations of adult Greeks. DESIGN Of the total target adult population (≥19 years, n = 14233) in nine selected geographical regions covering rural, suburban, and urban areas of Greece, 10,647...
The diagnosis of insulinoma is based on universally defined clinical and laboratory parameters (Whipple triad and fasting test). Pre-operative tumor localization is the main challenge in the diagnostic management of insulinomas. The pre-operative and/or intra-operative localization of the tumor is required for the optimal surgical approach. We describe two cases of insulinoma characterized by a typical...
INTRODUCTION Malignant prolactinoma is an exceedingly rare endocrine tumor and cannot be diagnosed on histological grounds alone. Similarly to other neuroendocrine tumors such as pheochromocytoma, the mitoses index, Ki-67, p53, and others are utilized in helping understand whether a tumor is benign or malignant or to better predict tumor behavior. We here present the unusual case of an unfortunate...
Considering that preterm birth accounts for about 6–10% of all births in Western countries and of more than 65% of all perinatal deaths, elucidation of the particularly complicated mechanisms of labor is essential for determination of appropriate and effective therapeutic interventions. Labor in humans results from a complex interplay of fetal and maternal factors, which act upon the uterus to trigger...
Papillary thyroid microcarcinomas (PTMCs) have an excellent prognosis, although a few may metastasize to cervical lymph nodes. However, an infiltrated palpable neck node without evidence of thyroid disease at presentation is uncommon. We report a patient with PTMC presenting as a solitary lymph node metastasis without evidence of primary thyroid tumor in thyroid imaging and with inconclusive lymph...
OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN Sarcoidosis has been associated with thyroid diseases. However, until today no definite conclusions have been drawn. We aimed to assess the frequency of thyroid disorders and the levels of thyroid hormones and thyroid antibodies in 68 sarcoidosis patients and 75 controls. Additionally, we performed ultrasonography and fine-needle aspiration. RESULTS In this prospective case...
OBJECTIVE The diagnosis of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal insufficiency (HPAI) is a major clinical challenge. The gold standard procedure remains insulin tolerance test (ITT). This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of standard-dose corticotrophin stimulation test (SDCT) in diagnosing HPAI. DESIGN In this prospective study we performed SDCT and ITT in 55 consecutive patients (37F/18M) affected...
BACKGROUND Parathyroid cysts (PC) are uncommon entities in routine clinical practice. The vast majority are nonfunctioning and are commonly present as asymptomatic nodular cervical lesions. PC should be considered in the differential diagnosis of an asymptomatic neck mass. Large PC can manifest with compressive symptoms of the surrounding tissues. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to describe nine...
Radioactive iodine uptake (RAIU) is a test used to differentiate hyperthyroidism from thyroiditis and to calculate the radioiodine dose for treatment of Graves’ disease. We aimed to evaluate the predictive role of 24h RAIU with respect to the outcome of radioiodine therapy in patients with diffuse toxic goiter (DTG). METHODS case records of patients with DTG treated with radioactive iodine were...
OBJECTIVE. Previous data suggest that apelin and visfatin play a role in metabolism and glucose homeostasis. The aim of the present study was to determine differences in plasma apelin and visfatin concentrations between healthy subjects and patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and to study the effect of hyperglycemia and insulin administration on their levels in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus...
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