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Many asylum seekers crossed European borders in an irregular manner during the last 2 years and completed their asylum procedure with a negative decision. Based on the limited number of effective orders to leave, it may be argued that a majority of rejected asylum seekers are de-facto staying in the European Union.This paper aims to investigate the nexus between irregular migration and asylum. The...
The concentration of births on working days compared to a relative lack of events at weekends or during public holidays has been interpreted in literature as evidence of an excessive appeal to elective delivery. The World Health Organization has repeatedly expressed concerns about the abuse of this practice. We investigate the daily distribution of births in Italy in the period 1999–2016 to answer...
Contraceptive policies have been derived to achieve desired reductions in the growth rate and also applied to the data of Uttar Pradesh, India, for illustration. Using the Lotka integral equation for stable population, expressions for the proportion of contraceptive users at different ages have been obtained. In order to reduce the present annual growth rate from 0.036 to 0.020, it is imperative that...
Previous research found evidence for a transition from mortality compression (declining lifespan variability) to mortality delay (increasing ages at death) in low-mortality countries.We specifically assessed the year at which increases in life expectancy at birth transitioned from being predominantly due to mortality compression to being predominantly due to mortality delay in 26 European countries,...
Significant reductions in mortality are reflected in strong increases in life expectancy particularly in industrialized countries. Previous analyses relate these improvements primarily to medical innovations and advances in health-related behaviors. Mostly ignored, however, is the question to what extent the gains in life expectancy are related to structural changes in the populations due to increasing...
The acquisition of citizenship status in the new country of residence may depend on (1) the individual immigrant’s characteristics, (2) the structural characteristics of both the origin and the destination countries and (3) institutional factors in the destination country including policy factors, specifically the national citizenship policies. Although almost all European countries have shifted from...
This study was conducted to estimate the magnitude of infant death clustering as well as the mortality risk associated with death of a preceding child and investigate how these have changed over three decades (1980–2013) in Nigeria. Birth history data from the Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey for 1990, 2003, 2008 and 2013 were analysed using dynamic random effects models. The effect of death...
Book details Szoltysek, Mikolaj. 2015.Rethinking east-Central Europe: family systems and coresidence in the Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth.Bern, Switzerland: Peter Lang. Vol. 1: contexts and analyses; Vol. 2: data quality assessments, documentation, and bibliography. 1062 pp. no. 21, ISBN 978-3-0351-9998-7 in the series entitled population, family, and society.
Background Due to a lack of data, no study has yet documented differences in adult life expectancy in India by education, caste, and religion. Objective To examine disparities in socioeconomic status (SES) in the adult mortality rate (40q30) and life expectancy at age 15 (e15) in India. Data and methods We estimated adult mortality by SES with the orphanhood method to analyze information related...
In a 1974 paper, Coale and Trussell described an empirical relationship between the age-specific fertility rate, the marital fertility rate, and the proportion of women with first marriages. However, their key assumption was no nonmarital fertility. This obscures the relationship between nonmarital fertility and overall fertility that distinguishes many modern Western societies from those of East...
This study analyses paternal involvement in the daily basic childcare of Italian cohabiting and married fathers with children aged 0–3. The aims are (a) to verify whether cohabiting fathers are more or less involved in childcare than married ones are and (b) to examine the mechanisms behind the possible differences. The focus is on both the daily basic childcare as a whole and on the specific activities...
This paper applies the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) to find out the predictors of fertility intentions in Romania, a low-fertility country. We analyse how attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control relate to the intention to have a child among childless individuals and one-child parents. Principal axis factor analysis confirms which items proposed by the Generation and Gender...
Spain, which has long been a country of emigration, has become, within a few years, one of the European countries which welcomes the most foreign nationals onto its territory. These foreign nationals constitute a boon from a demographic point of view, limiting the depopulation of the territory induced by its accelerated ageing. Nevertheless, the establishment of foreign nationals is not a phenomenon...
Ghana has long prioritized family planning as a key strategy for improving health and socioeconomic development. However, despite the heavy investments in the sector over the last decade, the family planning program has not successfully improved the country’s family planning indicators. In this study, we describe the spatial and temporal patterns of unmet need for family planning from 2003 to 2014...
It is increasingly acknowledged that an equal sharing of domestic labour in a household influences women’s childbearing behavior in a positive way. Despite the growing literature on this association, there is little research exploring this phenomenon in the Middle Eastern setting. Using intensive interviews with women (n = 32), I examine how the division of domestic labour is connected to women’s...
Prior work has highlighted increases in life expectancy in the USA during the Great Depression. This contradicts the tenet that life expectancy is positively correlated with human welfare, but it coheres with recent literature on mortality and recessions. We construct Lee-Carter interval estimates of life expectancy during the Great Depression, based on trends before 1929. In this analysis, all-race...
Many studies of fertility have reported a wide range of factors to be important determinants. These determinants include proximate factors and male and female background variables. However, most of the research has been based on an analysis of cross-sectional fertility elasticities. Therefore, there are limited attempts to examine the temporal behaviour of especially marital fertility in association...
Skip instructions in census and survey questionnaires result in different groups of persons being eligible for different questions—the logical structure of the questionnaire. Logical structure is important for analyzing census and survey data, for processing raw questionnaire data, and for questionnaire design and testing.We define a simple, general, computer-readable representation of a questionnaire...
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