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Introduction To address the worldwide epidemic of obesity, a sizable literature implicates sleep problems in the onset of obesity in younger populations. However, less is known about how this process may operate among older adults, which is of concern, given demographic shifts that have resulted in a much higher proportion of developed nations around the world reaching late life. Methods We offer...
The positive association between overweight, obesity, and cardiovascular and all-cause mortality is well established, even though this relation is typically U shaped with an increased risk also in low-weight subjects. However, being overweight or obese has been associated with a better prognosis in subjects suffering from chronic diseases, id est the “obesity paradox”. In both community-dwelling and...
Purpose Menopause is frequently associated with an increase in visceral fat, thus modifying redox status by promoting oxidative damage and decreasing antioxidant defense systems. It is known that at higher concentrations estradiol has some antioxidant properties, while its decline in postmenopause is associated with pro-oxidant effects. However, the role of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) in antioxidant...
Purpose To elicit patient experiences of weight management discussions with providers and provide recommendations for future weight-related discussions. Methods 1000 patients who recently saw their provider for non-weight specific appointments were mailed measures of demographics, self-reported height and weight, activity level, adherence, perceptions of and recommendations for weight-related discussions,...
Purpose Adolescence overweight and obesity have increased considerably, and the misperception of their weight status could reduce the efficiency of intervention programs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence rate of misperception and to assess the relationship between weight perception and anthropometric parameters, self-perception, physical activity, and adherence to the Mediterranean...
Obesity, defined as excess fat mass, increases risks for multiple chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and several types of cancer. Beyond adiposity per se, the pattern of fat distribution, android or truncal as compared to gynoid or peripheral, has a profound influence on systemic metabolism and hence risk for obesity complications. Not only factors as genetics, environment,...
Purpose Obesity and depression have both been shown to be associated with reduced physical activity (PA). However, most studies have not applied objective measures to determine PA in patients. Moreover, to our knowledge, no studies are available comparing depressed and non-depressed patients with regard to PA. Methods We investigated PA in 47 patients with both obesity and depression, 70 non-depressed...
A series of evidence demonstrated that obesity represents an established risk factor for an increase in the incidence of multiple cancer types and for poor cancer survival. Nevertheless, recent studies suggested that, in a series of cancers, patients with a normal body mass index (BMI) have worse outcomes than obese patients. This phenomenon, named ‘obesity paradox’ or ‘reverse epidemiology’ in cancer,...
Obesity is a major health risk factor, and obesity-induced morbidity and complications account for huge costs for affected individuals, families, healthcare systems, and society at large. In particular, obesity is strongly associated with the development of insulin resistance, which in turn plays a key role in the pathogenesis of obesity-associated cardiometabolic complications, including metabolic...
Objective This study tested a novel group-based, cognitive-behavioral intervention designed to reduce internalized weight stigma among individuals with obesity. Methods A total of eight men and women with obesity who had experienced weight stigma and reported high levels of internalized weight stigma attended the Weight Bias Internalization and Stigma (BIAS) Program. The program provided eight weekly...
Obesity has been considered to be a chronic disease that requires medical prevention and treatment. Intriguingly, many factors, including adipose tissue dysfunction, mitochondrial dysfunction, alterations in the muscle fiber phenotype and in the gut microbiota composition, have been identified to be involved in the development of obesity and its associated metabolic disorders (in particular type 2...
Purpose Obesity is a severe public health problem worldwide, leading to an insulin-resistant state in liver, adipose, and muscle tissue, representing a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. We have shown that abdominal obesity is associated with homeostasis derangement, linked to several hormonal and paracrine factors. Data regarding potential link between...
The eating disorder examination questionnaire (EDE-Q) Global score is a self-report measure of global eating disorder (ED) psychopathology. This study used ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to evaluate the ecological validity of EDE-Q Global scores among obese adults. Fifty obese adults completed the EDE-Q and 2 weeks of EMA ratings prior to initiating eating episodes and subsequently after eating...
Introduction There may be shared neuropsychological dysfunctions in ADHD and obesity. This study tested a neuropsychological model of ADHD (reward/executive dysfunctioning) in individuals with obesity. Furthermore, the association between co-morbid binge eating and reward/executive dysfunction was explored. Methods Reward/executive dysfunctioning was assessed using both neuropsychological measures...
Irisin, a novel myokine produced in response to physical activity, promotes white-to-brown fat transdifferentiation. The name irisin referred to the ancient Greek goddess Iris, the messenger who delivered (bad) news from the gods. In mice, it has been demonstrated that irisin plays a key role in metabolic regulation, energy expenditure and glucose homeostasis. New findings from various studies carried...
Food addiction (FA) has recently emerged as a new field in the study of obesity. Previous studies have contributed to identifying psychological correlates of FA. However, few researchers have examined the cognitive profile related to this condition; up until now, attentional biases related to food cues and a poorer performance monitoring have been observed. The present study aimed to examine the psychological...
Purpose The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between the Mediterranean diet and obesity in a Mediterranean cohort. Methods The study population of MEAL (Mediterranean Healthy Eating, Ageing, and Lifestyle) study comprised 1814 men and women (18 + years) recruited in the city of Catania, southern Italy. Food intake was evaluated through a validated food frequency questionnaire...
Purpose Few studies have been conducted on Latin American population to explore how facets of personality, eating disorders, and obesity are related. The main purpose of this study was to explore the personality traits among patients diagnosed with anorexia nervosa (n = 23), bulimia nervosa (n = 32), and obesity (n = 16), in comparison to control group (n = 82). Methods A total of 153 individuals...
Purpose Although most cross-sectional and longitudinal studies of children and adolescents have found a link between short duration of sleep and obesity, the literature related to adults provides a non-consensual framework. The aim of the present study was to examine the association between sleep quality and BMI in a population of caregivers looking after people suffering from dementia, with a view...
While much research has focused on overeating when exploring constructs of mindfulness, mindful eating, and self-compassion, there is limited research on the specific relationship of these constructs with consumption of energy-dense foods that have a large impact on weight regulation. In a cross-sectional study, university students (n = 546) were recruited to explore the relationship between mindfulness,...
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