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Drug–drug interactions (DDIs) occur commonly and may lead to severe adverse drug reactions if not handled appropriately. Considerable information to support clinical decision making regarding potential DDIs is available in the literature and through various systems providing electronic decision support for healthcare providers. The challenge for the prescribing physician lies in sorting out the evidence...
Most patients diagnosed with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) will present with locally advanced disease, requiring multimodality therapy. Despite this curative approach, a significant subset of these patients will develop locoregional failure and/or distant metastases. Despite significant progress in the treatment and subsequent prognosis of locally advanced HNSCC, the prognosis of those...
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a significant global health challenge and the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. The traditional ‘one-size-fits-all’ treatment approach has now evolved into one that involves personalized strategies based on histological and molecular subtypes. The molecular era has revolutionized the treatment of patients harboring epidermal growth factor receptor...
A fixed-dose combination tablet comprising the hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS5A inhibitor elbasvir and the HCV NS3/4A protease inhibitor grazoprevir (elbasvir/grazoprevir; Zepatier™) was recently approved for the treatment of chronic HCV genotype 1 and 4 infection in the EU and the USA. In phase III trials, 12 or 16 weeks of treatment with once-daily elbasvir/grazoprevir (fixed-dose tablet or as individual...
Cushing’s syndrome (CS) results from chronic exposure to cortisol excess, produced by the adrenal cortex. Hypercortisolism predisposes to psychiatric and neurocognitive disorders, mainly to depression and anxiety disorders. Screening tools to identify psychiatric symptoms are available for clinicians in their daily practice, although a specific diagnosis should be performed by specialists. Even if...
Naldemedine (Symproic®) is an orally active µ-opioid receptor antagonist being developed by Shionogi & Co., Ltd. that has been approved in the USA and Japan for the treatment of opioid-induced constipation. The drug inhibits peripheral µ-opioid receptors such as those present in the gastrointestinal tract and has minimal or no effect on central opioid activity. This article summarizes the milestones...
Avelumab (Bavencio®) is an intravenously administered programmed cell death ligand-1-blocking human antibody initially developed by EMD Serono Inc. (the biopharmaceutical division of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany) [now jointly developed and commercialized by EMD Serono Inc. and Pfizer] for the treatment of various tumours. It has received accelerated approval in the USA for the treatment of metastatic...
Medical expulsive therapy (MET) has been a matter of debate for many years. A number of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and meta-analyses have been conducted, but outcomes have been varied. This makes it challenging to determine the benefit of using MET as an adjunct in patients with expectantly managed ureteric stones. This article aimed to summarize both the historic and the more contemporary...
It is well recognised that the majority of the impact of multiple sclerosis (MS), both personal and societal, arises in the progressive phase where disability accumulates inexorably. As such, progressive MS (PMS) has been the target of pharmacological therapies for many years. However, there are no current licensed treatments for PMS. This stands in marked contrast to relapsing remitting MS (RRMS)...
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