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Solid-organ transplantation has emerged as one of the most significant medical advances in the management of end-stage organ disease to date. However, a long term successful outcome after transplantation relies heavily upon the extended, if not lifelong, intake of immunosuppressive medication. Noncompliance with the medication regimen may have devastating effects on the graft and the patient. Furthermore,...
Since inhaled and intranasal corticosteroids may be systemically bioavailable, risk of growth suppression cannot be ruled out in children treated with these compounds. The mechanisms by which exogenous corticosteroids can cause growth suppression may be multifactorial, involving influences on growth hormone secretory profiles and insulin-like growth factor-I activity, direct effects on the epiphyseal...
Oral synthetic retinoids have been established as effective systemic therapy for psoriasis since their introduction for clinical use in the 1970s; a compound for topical use, tazarotene has been recently marketed. Despite the demonstrated clinical success of retinoid therapy in psoriasis, its mechanism of action has not been fully elucidated, and investigators are confronted with two paradoxes. One...
Objective and Study Design The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of a correlation between methotrexate pharmacokinetics and clinical efficacy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Patients and Methods The study was carried out in 29 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The patients received intramuscular methotrexate (MTX) 7.5mg once a week for 8 weeks. Before and 0.5, 1, 2,...
Preterm infants have immunological immaturities that may impact on vaccine responses. Larger premature infants mount immune responses to vaccines that are similar to those of full term infants, but very premature infants (<30 weeks’ gestation at birth) have specific defects in vaccine responsiveness. The immunogenicity of diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis antigens is similar in full term and premature...
Interferon (IFN)-α is the main IFN produced in response to viral infection. Low levels of IFNα can be detected in nasal secretions after exposure to viruses in vivo. Radioimmunoassay has shown that endogenous IFNα is low in children, reaches a peak in young adults, and gradually declines with aging. Importantly, this endogenous IFNα is significantly decreased in patients with Sjögren’s syndrome (SS)...
There are few options for the treatment of advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). Chemotherapy in such patients is not associated with survival improvement. However, recent reports suggest that approaches involving biological therapy may provide some benefits. The most promising therapeutics, currently in phase III investigation, involve p53 gene replacement with adenoviral...
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