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This paper examines the deficiencies of existing oil spillage remediating techniques and their inabilities to achieve optimal result at maximum efficiency. The development of alternative strategy for remediating oil spillage is an idea conceived from a natural phenomenon based on obvious physical changes between oil and water at lower temperature. The technique involves extensive studies of the physical,...
Climatic vicissitudes have laid further stress on already dwindling fossil fuels. In response to the emerging energy needs, biofuels can be considered as the safest and sustainable energy resources. At present, ethanol fermentations have been successful in fueling motor vehicles in some countries. However, with the existing population dynamic, obtaining ethanol from food competing resources/commodities...
A life cycle analysis (LCA) for pyrolysis biochar systems was carried out to determine greenhouse gas balance, carbon cycling, and the economics of biochar production from different agricultural residues and wastes. Investigating a range of feedstocks (forest residues, corn stover, etc.) provided insight into the use of biomass residues rather than bioenergy crops as biochar production substrates...
Efficiency of domestic ventilation waste heat recovery systems (WHRS) depends not only on the amount of waste heat recovered, but also on the energy involved in running fans to drive air through the system. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) can be a powerful tool for analysing WHRS losses (thus predicting fan energy usage), but the computational effort involved can limit the value of CFD as a practical...
The effect of water application (e.g., through rainfall or sprinkler system) on emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs), such as nitrous oxide (N2O), methane (CH4), and carbon dioxide (CO2), from pen surfaces of open-lot beef cattle feedlots was evaluated under controlled laboratory conditions. Soil/manure samples were collected from several randomly selected pens from two beef cattle feedlots in Kansas...
The residual forest biomass (RFB) sector has been experiencing strong development at European level and particularly in Portugal mainly due to the increase of energy production from renewable sources. The aim of this study is to assess the environmental impacts of eucalyptus RFB chips production chain in Portugal. The environmental and economic impact comparison of the processes included in the production...
This paper discusses the development of a model of a real cogeneration plant based on Computational Intelligence (CI) algorithms. In particular, two CI strategies are used: one based on artificial neural network and the other one based on a neuro-fuzzy system. Both systems are trained with a data collection from the cogeneration plant. Data mining techniques are applied to remove erroneous and redundant...
The loss of mass of concrete matrix and subsequent corrosion of concrete has been reported very often. Aggressive liquids such acids, bases, solutions of salts or aggressive gases as well as microorganisms penetrate the concrete and cause deterioration and biodeterioration, respectively. Presented paper is aimed at investigation of concrete corrosion (chemical as well as biologically induced) activated...
The use of industrial cooling for food preservation has been revealed to be an efficient and widely employed technique, from harvest time to final consumption by the customer. However, the most used method to generate that cold (based on the compression refrigeration cycle) requires a considerable amount of electric energy, especially if no appropriate energy efficiency measures are implemented in...
The optimum thickness of the building envelope insulation materials depends on a large number of parameters. But the optimum thickness is calculated considering only economic arguments. In this paper, life-cycle assessment of the materials used in the building, and specifically the insulation ones, are included in the process to calculate the optimum insulation thickness from both environmental and...
Houses in Egypt are often designed without taking the climate into account sufficiently. Consequently, new houses often have a poor indoor climate, which affects comfort, health and building efficiency. In hot and arid climates, passive cooling system employs non-mechanical procedures to maintain suitable indoor temperature. Thus, they have been increasing the influence of the traditional cooling...
Energy is considered as a key factor which determines the economic development in the entire sector of any region. Biomass is one of the primary energy sources in rural areas. The study was carried out to examine the utilization pattern of biomass energy and socioeconomic dimensions associated with rural areas of Yelandur, Karnataka, India. Field studies in these villages covering 645 households were...
Nigeria is rich in both conventional and renewable energy resources that empower the country with a large capacity to develop an effective national energy policy. The study aims at reviewing the current energy resource structure of Nigeria in terms of production and utilization, comparing sectoral performance and reviewing issues confronting energy growth, sustainability, policies and frameworks towards...
Degradation rates and removal efficiencies of different parabens, namely, methylparaben, ethylparaben, propylparaben, and butylparaben using H $$_{2}$$ 2 O $$_{2}$$ 2 /Fe $$^{2+}$$ 2 + advanced oxidation process are studied in this work. With the aim of optimizing the removal of parabens from waters through the Fenton process, a factorial central composite orthogonal...
Nowadays, all research efforts in the field of wet processing of textiles are directed towards shortening and simplification of the processing sequence. To minimise water and energy consumption, it has become necessary to combine several textile processing stages to reduce the number of operations or shorten the process time. An attempt was made to combine the pre-treatment and dyeing processes with...
Lysimeter experiments were conducted to compare the vapour phase transport of 20 % ethanol- and butanol-blended gasoline (E20 and B20) compounds in soils using the unblended gasoline (UG) compounds as the standard. Sand containing approximately 0 and 5 % organic matter (0 %fom and 5 %fom) was used to simulate the vadose zone. The 5 %fom soil promoted higher vapour phase transport of compounds than...
In the framework of CO2 capture and geological storage, risk analysis plays an important role, because it is an essential requirement of knowledge to make up a local, national and supranational definition and planning of carbon injection strategies. This is because each project is at risk of failure. Even from the early stages, it should take into consideration the possible causes of this risk and...
A high potential of thermosolar power generation systems is the use of thermal storage and/or hybridization to overcome dependability of solar resource availability. The incorporation of these technologies can be of special interest for isolated units intended for distributed generation systems. Among the thermosolar systems, dish–Stirling technology is the one with more possibilities to be used as...
This study looks into possibilities of hydrogen production on an offshore platform in Norway, to capitalize Norway’s offshore wind potential matching political goals to reduce emissions and make Norway’s transportation sector cleaner. The potential power output of a hypothetical offshore wind farm has been assessed using real operating data of other wind farms. The usable electricity was between ...
In this study, 3-h wind speed data for years 1987–2009 at 10, 20 and 40 m heights have been analyzed for Kurdistan province. Wind energy potential at five stations in this province was investigated. Six types of methods, namely, graphical, empirical, method of moment, energy pattern factor, maximum likelihood and probability-weighted moments were used to estimate the parameters. The results showed...
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