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Background: We assessed the isolation rate of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato from blood in European patients with typical erythema migrans and evaluated the course and outcome of their illness. Patients and Methods: Adult patients diagnosed with erythema migrans and from whom borreliae cultured from blood were included in this study. Results: Borreliae were isolated from the blood of 35/2,828 (1...
Background: Exchange transfusion (ET) is a controversial ancillary treatment of severe falciparum malaria. Patients and Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of severe malaria treated in our institution. Nine cases of ET were identified between 1991 and 1998 and compared to 12 controls with similar parasitemia. Results: Groups were similar at admission except for an increased age in the ET...
Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the concentrations of soluble CD4, CD8 and CD25 antigens in the serum of patients with early localized, (group I, n = 22 patients) and early disseminated Lyme borreliosis (group II n = 23 patients), before and after antibiotic therapy compared with controls (group III n = 7 healthy persons). Materials and Methods: The diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis...
Background: We analyzed the clinical manifestations and therapeutic outcomes of Klebsiella brain abscesses. Patients and Methods: The clinical data of 15 patients with Klebsiella brain abscesses, retrospectively collected over a 14-year period, were studied. Results: The 15 patients included 13 cases of Klebsiella pneumoniae infection and two cases of Klebsiella oxytoca. All but one case were community-acquired...
A wide variety of disorders of diverse pathogenic mechanisms can trigger spinal cord dysfunction in HIV-1-infected patients. The most common such condition is HIV-1-associated myelopathy (HM) which characteristically complicates advanced HIV-1 disease in patients with low CD4 cell counts and previous AIDS-defining diagnoses. We describe an unusual presentation of HM in a previously asymptomatic patient...
A 54-year-old woman was admited to our clinic with frequent convulsions. Subsequently she developed a toxic look, rigidity, confusion and severe encephalopathy. Salmonella typhii was isolated from the blood cultures and she was diagnosed with Salmonella encephalopathy. The prominent electrophysiological finding was the frontal intermittent rhythmic delta activity (FIRDA) in electroencephalograph (EEG)...
Background: The presence of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in sputum or bronchial washings may cause diagnostic problems which affect clinical management. Patients and Methods: In a retrospective analysis of 135 patients in a Dutch tuberculosis center, patients with NTM isolates were thoroughly investigated. Colonization or contamination by NTM was differentiated from true lung disease. Results:...
Background: The clinical characteristics of Enterobacter infection in adult bacterial meningitis were defined. Patients and Methods: The clinical manifestations and therapeutic outcomes of ten adult patients with Enterobacter infections in acute bacterial meningitis were analyzed. Results:Enterobacter infection was found in 4.5% (10/223) of our adult patients with culture-proven bacterial meningitis...
Background: Very few sporadic cases of autochthonous diphyllobothriasis have been reported in Italy during the past 20 years, probably due to the drastic decrease or disappearance of some fish species, mainly Perca fluviatilis L, known as the intermediate host of the infective larval stage of this tapeworm. However, increasing consumption of raw or undercooked fish during the last years as influenced...
Background: Viral infection differs from nonviral infection/inflammation by not producing a significant acute phase response. Since inflammation can cause increased adhesiveness of peripheral white blood cells (WBC), we compared these adhesive properties in individuals with viral infection to those with nonviral infection/inflammation. Patients and Methods: The state of leukocyte adhesiveness/aggregation...
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