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Our understanding of anthropogenic stressor effects on wetland biota and ecosystem processes would benefit from better defined relationships between landscape and local stressors. We assessed the connection between watershed land use and local habitat and local disturbance in Great Lakes coastal ecosystems across a full range of anthropogenic stress. In addition, we identified dominant structuring...
Mountain wetlands provide unique information because their biota is highly specific and contributes significantly to regional diversity. The goals of this study were assessing altitudinal and temporal variation in the distribution of Heteropteran assemblages in mountain wetlands; and studying the phenology of the most abundant species. All stages of Heteroptera and data on environmental variables...
The Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) in central North America consists of millions of depressional wetlands that each have considerable potential to emit methane (CH4). Changes in temperature and hydrology in the PPR from climate change may affect methane fluxes from these wetlands. To assess the potential effects of changes in climate on methane emissions, we examined the relationships between flux rates...
The realization of wetland ‘no net loss’ policy under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act remains uncertain, as mitigation practices force a trade-off in on-site mitigation with loss of biological integrity and off-site mitigation with a redistribution of ecosystem services. Wetlands cover 25 % of the Lower St. Johns River Basin (LSJRB), northeastern Florida, a region impacted by urban development...
Sediment accumulation threatens the viability and hydrologic functioning of many naturally formed depressional wetlands across the interior regions of North America. These wetlands provide many ecosystem services and vital habitats for diverse plant and animal communities. Climate change may further impact sediment accumulation rates in the context of current land use patterns. We estimated sediment...
Wetland construction has been used as a tool to mitigate wetland loss, but constructed wetlands might not provide the same functions as natural wetlands. Hundreds of long-hydroperiod wetlands have been constructed within the Daniel Boone National Forest, Kentucky, in a ridge-top ecosystem where natural wetlands dry annually (i.e., have short hydroperiods). The constructed wetlands have been colonized...
Shifts in microbial community function and structure can be indicators of environmental stress and ecosystem change in wetland soils. This study evaluated the effects of increased salinity, increased inundation, and their combination, on soil microbial function (enzyme activity) and structure (phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) signatures and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphisms (T-RFLP)...
Prairie pothole wetlands are subject to large year-to-year and decadal variability of precipitation, resulting in large variations in ponded area, plant communities and ecological functionality that obscure trends in wetland conditions caused by changes in climate and land use. Descriptions and analyses of these variations and trends require practical and objective definitions of pothole wetlands...
Wetlands in central North Dakota were revisited after 50 years to assess changes following extreme drought and a prolonged wet period. We compared data collected during 1961–1966 to current (2013–2014) wetland conditions. We revisited 80 wetlands in 2013 and 2014 across three study areas and measured wetland area, ponded-water depth, and specific conductance. Wetlands at the three study areas responded...
This paper reviews the findings of a 25-year project (1990–2015) that has examined the potential effects of climate change on the vegetation structure, hydrologic function, and biodiversity of wetlands in the Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) of North America. The numerical modeling component of the project developed in phases, beginning with the building of a single basin model (WETSIM), followed by a...
Wetland managers and policy makers need to make decisions based on a sound scientific understanding of hydrological and ecological functions of wetlands. This article presents an overview of the hydrology of prairie wetlands intended for managers, policy makers, and researchers new to this field (e.g., graduate students), and a quantitative conceptual framework for understanding the hydrological functions...
The flower and hypocotyl development of three mangrove tree species of the southern Baja California Peninsula were analyzed comparing four microtopographic flooding conditions and in relation to five environmental factors (relative humidity, rainfall ambient temperature, solar radiation and speed). The main objective was to evaluate the effects of an arid environment on the reproductive effort of...
Traditionally managed and unregulated floodplain meadows are characterised by high and habitat-specific biodiversity. In most parts of Europe, however, these habitats are almost completely lost. Despite possessing high importance in conservation, little is known about the dynamics of important species groups in those valuable communities. Here, we studied the diversity and composition of ground-dwelling...
Tropical floodplain wetlands are favorable environments for the growth of aquatic macrophytes and palustrine plants. Such plants and phytoplankton are usually the key sources of autochthonous detritus within floodplain lakes. An experiment was conducted in order to compare the production of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) from anaerobic decomposition of Salvinia auriculata. The incubations...
Aerial imagery has been used to identify potential vernal pools (PVPs) using stereo photographic prints. Stereoplotter photogrammetry now allows digital aerial images to be viewed in stereo (3-Dimensional) to enhance remote sensing capabilities. We used both print and digital imagery to map PVPs in 10 towns in Maine, USA. We used field verification of 771 PVPs to explore efficiency and accuracy of...
We performed an assessment of U.S. Geological Survey/National Park Service (USGS/NPS) vegetation mapping versus National Wetland Inventory (NWI) estimates of wetland occurrence and extent for three national parks, each having a different NWI mapping scale (1:40,000, 1:58,000, and 1:80,000). Our prediction was that the USGS/NPS mapping would be significantly more effective than NWI in predicting total...
Constructed wetlands have been used to treat wastewater because of their efficiency at removing fecal indicator bacteria (FIB), their low cost, and their ease of maintenance. This study investigates the ability of a surface-flow wetland (0.03 ha in size), constructed in the rural village of Elsah, Illinois, to treat FIB pollution. The objectives of this study were to: 1) compare mean FIB concentrations...
Fostering public support for wetland restoration is essential for long-term sustainable management and use of wetland areas. This paper explores the socio-cultural dimension of wetland restoration, by looking at the importance of wetland ecosystem services for different user groups. We try to better comprehend such values by evaluating the awareness people have of ecosystem services and the direct...
East Kolkata Wetland (EKW), a Ramsar site located in West Bengal, India is unique in the world as domestic city sewage is utilized here by the fishermen as fish feed. It is important to understand the nutrient cycling pathways of this unique ecosystem in relation to the biotic communities in order to assess its health and sustainability. This study examined plankton community structure in relation...
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