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We investigated the variation in macroinvertebrate and bird fauna of 12 different freshwater wetlands located in three different climatic zones of southwestern Ethiopia. Data on macroinvertebrates, birds, physico-chemical water quality variables, human disturbance and vegetation cover were collected from 62 sampling sites during the dry and wet season of 2015. Generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs)...
Climate change is predicted to alter the frequency and intensity of precipitation events, placing stress on freshwater aquatic ecosystems and their associated wildlife. Thus, understanding interspecific variation in drought sensitivity and the repeatability of those responses across heterogeneous landscapes is critical. Semi-aquatic snakes serve important roles within aquatic ecosystems and several...
Vegetation response to wildfire has been studied extensively in upland ecosystems, but fire effects on temperate wetlands are less understood. We evaluated vegetation response to extensive wildfire in wetlands of Okefenokee National Wildlife Refuge (ONWR), USA, with a spatially explicit Bayesian belief network model informed with data recorded during 1990–2012. We assessed model accuracy and effects...
To investigate the spatial and temporal variations of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) emissions and determine the key environmental factors influencing their fluxes across the coastal marsh dominated by Suaeda salsa in the Yellow River estuary (China), short-term measurements were conducted in intertidal zone in autumn and winter during 2011–2012. Results showed that mean CO2 and CH4 fluxes...
Wild rice (Zizania spp.) has ecological and cultural importance in the Great Lakes region, but has been declining due to habitat loss and fragmentation. We investigated the potential impact of bed area and isolation by distance on genetic structure, reproductive effort, and morphometrics in populations of two wild rice species (Z. palustris and Z. aquatica) in Michigan. Leaves were analyzed with Amplified...
Ponnani Kole wetlands, the northward extension of Vembanad Kole Ramsar site in Kerala, Southern India, is facing environmental pressures due to increases in human population, changes in land use pattern, improper watershed management and urban developments. The current study describes the community assemblage pattern of macrophytes and their variations within and among areas affected by environmental...
Reclamation of sites affected by oil sands mining in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region (AOSR) targets the construction of new fen watersheds, which are dominant wetland types in the region. The aquifers of slopes that supply water to the fen watershed are formed with tailings sands containing residual oil sands process-affected water (OSPW) contaminants, whose effects on peat microbial community function...
Coastal wetland sustainability in the future will likely depend on the extent to which increases in sea level drive flooding duration, plant submergence, and higher salinities, and how wetlands respond to these changes. Coastal wetlands will need to grow vertically to cope with rising seas, and sedimentation, often observed following hurricane passage, could play a role. A greenhouse mesocosm experiment...
Coastal low-salinity marshes are increasingly experiencing periodic to extended periods of elevated salinities due to the combined effects of sea level rise and altered hydrological and climatic conditions. However, we lack the ability to predict detailed vegetation responses, especially for saline pulses that are more realistic in nature than permanent saline presses. In this study, we exposed common...
Using a complete factorial, randomized block design, the effects of seed density (430 or 860 seeds/m2), seed stratification (stratified, non-stratified), split planting (complete seed mix planted in spring vs. non-aggressive species in spring and aggressive species in fall), and distance to groundwater (−5 or − 30 cm) were studied in a mesocosm complex in central Iowa. All 16 treatment combinations...
Artificially drained commercial forests are hydrologically novel ecosystems, where the array of aquatic habitats consists of ditches and remnant pools. In general the network of ditches has been found to have longer hydroperiod, the knowledge, however, about aquatic invertebrates in this system is scarce. We examined which environmental factors are impacting the biomass and abundance of functional...
Anthropogenic activities strongly affect greenhouse gases emissions in coastal wetland. In situ field study was conducted to explore the effects of anthropogenic activities on the N2O emissions, used static, manual stainless steel chambers in four seriously disturbed coastal wetlands (west side of the seawall, WSS; oil field existed, OF; Spartina alterniflora coastal marsh, SCM; and aquaculture pond,...
Mangrove ecosystems are important sources of goods and services to people, supporting ecological, biological, social and economic values. Nevertheless the scale of human-impact on mangroves in many countries has increased dramatically over the past years. Understanding their structure and plant composition is decisive for a proper design of conservation and management strategies, therefore we assessed...
The Everglades short-hydroperiod freshwater prairies exhibit strong reductions in CO2 uptake that coincide with inundation, but the underlying basis is not fully understood. To address one of the processes potentially underlying this decline, we measured photosynthetic capacity of the dominant species, sawgrass (Cladium jamaicense) and muhly grass (Muhlenbergia filipes), during wet and dry seasons...
Northern peatlands in their natural state are sinks of carbon dioxide (CO2) but sources of methane (CH4). They are often nitrogen limited and can act as sinks for greenhouse gas (GHG) nitrous oxide (N2O). Peatlands have been used to treat wastewaters from different point sources. Continuous nutrient and pollutant load to a nutrient limited peatland ecosystem may change the microbial processes and...
Environmental variations and plant traits can act as a filter in plant communities, selecting better-adapted species. In wetlands, macrophytes display physiological, morphological and life history plasticity that allows them to adapt to flood dynamics reflecting habitat filtering. Our aim was to evaluate if the functional diversity of macrophytic community varies between the flood phases, noting whether...
The Medouie Creek wetland complex on Nantucket Island, MA was historically one contiguous salt marsh. Diking in the 1930s caused tidal restriction, creating a freshwater wetland colonized by Phragmites australis. To restore salt marsh habitat, the tidal restriction was removed and tidal salt water hydrology reestablished. Soil pore water salinity increased rapidly through the site with the majority...
Six ecosystems were examined for litter decomposition rates: three volunteer wetlands in Tri-State Lead-Zinc Mining District and three ecologically engineered coal mine drainage passive treatment systems in Arkoma Basin of eastern Oklahoma. Litter bag decomposition experiments were completed using 5-g standing dead Typha spp., dried to constant weight, and homogenized in fiberglass screen bags. Replicates...
Coastal wetlands around the Laurentian Great Lakes in North America have the potential to intercept surface water coming off of the landscape and reduce the amount of nutrients and sediment entering the lakes. However, extensive coastal wetland areas have been isolated behind dikes and thus have limited interaction with nutrient-rich waters that contribute to harmful algal blooms and other water-quality...
Methane emissions from wetlands are temporally dynamic. Few chamber-based studies have explored diurnal variation in methane flux with high temporal replication. Using an automated sampling system, we measured methane flux every 2.5 to 4 h for 205 diel cycles during three growing seasons (2013–2015) from a seasonal wetland in the Prairie Pothole Region of North America. During ponded conditions, fluxes...
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