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The first fossils of the tholichthys larval stage of a chaetodontid from the lower Oligocene (Rupelian, Fish Shales; about 30.1 MYA) of Frauenweiler (Baden-Württemberg, S Germany) are described, along with two less well-preserved probable tholichthys from the lower Oligocene Menilite-Formation (IPM3, 30–29 MYA and IPM4A, 29–28 MYA) of Przemyśl (Outer Carpathians, SE Poland). The fossils are compared...
Toarctocera, a new gastropod genus of the family Aporrhaidae (Stromboidea) is described for Rostellaria subpunctata. It occurs in Central Europe (S Germany, N Switzerland, and France) and is commonly one of the most abundant gastropods in Late Toarcian/Early Aalenian soft bottom faunas. Toarctocera subpunctata has extremely elongated apertural spines; this has been interpreted as an adaptation to...
A new fossil fish species, Aphanius yerevanicus (Cyprinodontiformes, Cyprinodontidae), is described based on a well-preserved, articulated skeleton from the early Upper Miocene of Yerevan, Armenia (Eastern Paratethys). The fish-bearing sediments contain a fossil assemblage indicative of a euryhaline environment. The new species differs from previously described fossil Aphanius species by the possession...
The function of the jaw apparatus and the possible dietary habits of the aetosaur Neoaetosauroides engaeus from the Triassic of South America were analyzed in comparison with Northern Hemisphere aetosaurs Desmatosuchus haplocerus and Stagonolepis robertsoni and the living short-snouted crocodile Alligator mississippiensis. The adductor and depressor jaw musculature of these was reconstructed on the...
Palaeozoic bryozoan colonies display a large variety of skeletal elements. Various types of rod-like styles are mainly built by laminated and non-laminated (hyaline) skeleton. Typical styles consist of hyaline cores and surrounding laminated sheaths. They usually protrude on the colony surface as spines. In a new bryozoan genus from the Middle Devonian of the Western Sahara described here, styles...
Two bryozoan species are described from the Geirud Formation (Upper Devonian/Lower Carboniferous) of Central Alborz (Iran). Trepostome Schulgina mutabilis Troizkaya, 1975 is known from the Upper Devonian (Famennian) of Central Kazakhstan. The new species Ascoporageirudensis n. sp. is the earliest known representative of the rhabdomesine genus Ascopora Trautschold, 1876.
The heteromorphic ammonite genus Pictetia has previously been included in the Lytoceratidae. A reassessment of literature data and a detailed analysis of the suture shows that Pictetia lacks a septal lobe as well as a bifid internal lobe and lateral lobe, all features indicative of the Lytoceratidae. This and the quadrilobate suture line, combined with the loose coiling of the shell, indicate that...
Noriphyllia gen. n. is a distinctive coral representing the Coryphylliidae, a group of Late Triassic scleractinian corals. Coral faunas of this age are poorly known. The new coral is distinguished from related corals belonging to the reimaniphylliids by key features of septal microstructure as discerned in thin sections. This microstructure consists of a straight/wavy midseptal zone and lateral septal...
A partial rostrum of Propristis schweinfurthi Dames, 1883 was collected in the Bartonian strata of northeastern Spain. The specimen represents the second record of the species from Europe, and the second occurrence of a sawfish (Mesopristis osonensis Farrés, 2003) from the Vic-Manlleu Marls Formation. In spite of some evidence to the contrary, Propristis probably preferred ecological conditions similar...
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