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Pituitary gonadotropins FSH and LH are heterodimeric glycoproteins consisting of a common alpha and a hormone-specific beta subunit that are non-covalently linked. These hormones orchestrate gonadal growth, differentiation, and function by regulating both steroidogenesis and gametogenesis. Advances in the past two decades in manipulating the mouse genome by site-specific mutagenesis have heralded...
This review highlights observations gleaned from recent reports on the deletion of FSH and LH receptors in mice. Gonadal differentiation does not depend on the presence of gonadotropin receptors but development is affected to varying degrees in both sexes. In both knockouts the null females are infertile with severely underdeveloped gonads and accessory structures. Sexual maturity and/or pubertal...
The origin of oocytes and primary follicles in ovaries of adult mammalian females has been a matter of dispute for over 100 yr. The prevailing belief that all oocytes in adult mammalian females must persist from the fetal period of life seems to be a uniquely retrogressive reproductive mechanism requiring humans to preserve their gametes from the fetal period for several decades. The utilization of...
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