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Following the landmark Massachusetts Male Aging Study (MMAS) that provided the first relatively unbiased study of the epidemiology of erectile dysfunction (ED), a number of additional studies were carried out in the U.S. and around the world. The studies vary in quality because they used different definitions of ED, different assessment instruments, different and sometimes biased sources of populations,...
The cardiovascular risk in patients with hypothyroidism is related to an increased risk of functional cardiovascular abnormalities and to an increased risk of atherosclerosis. The pattern of cardiovascular abnormalities is similar in subclinical and overt hypothyroidism, suggesting that a lesser degree of thyroid hormone deficiency may also affect the cardiovascular system. Hypothyroid patients, even...
Mesenteric arteries (230–290 µm) were isolated from virgin female rats at diestrous and proestrous phases of the estrous cycle and from ovariectomized (OVX) rats with or without estrogen (E2) replacement (17β-estradiol, 7.5 + 5 mg pellets, 21 d release). Arteries were mounted in a pressurized myograph system. Angiotensin-(1–7) [Ang-(1–7)] concentration-dependent responses (10−10–10−5M) were determined...
Liddle's syndrome has been known as a disorder associated with abnormal sodium reabsorption in the distal tubule and transmitted as a rare autosomal dominant trait. It is caused by mutations in the SCNN1B or SCNN1C gene, which truncate the cytoplasmic carboxyl terminus of the β and γ subunit of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC). Genetic analysis of ENaC in a Chinese family with Liddle's syndrome...
Objective: The data related to association among hypertension, insulin resistance, and plasma adiponectin concentration is controversial. We aimed to evaluate the relationships among these factors in a young hypertensive group who had no confounding factors. Design and methods: Thirty newly diagnosed and formerly untreated hypertensive males (mean age 23.4±4.0 yr; body mass index: 24.9±2.2 kg/m2),...
The most common cause of congenital adrenal hyperplasia is 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21 OHD). The prevalence of hypertension (HTN) in children with 21 OHD is unknown, and HTN has not been reported to be a component of this disorder. As children with 21 OHD are at risk of developing obesity, we hypothesized that an elevated body mass index (BMI) would be a predictive factor in the development of HTN...
This is a case report regarding a 45-year-old woman, who has been undergoing treatment for diabetes mellitus (DM) with chronic thyroiditis (euthyroid state). The patient was admitted to our hospital for the evaluation of a right adrenal tumor (50 × 45 mm) and episodic hypertension. She was diagnosed as having pheochromocytoma based on the increased catecholamine and metabolite concentrations and the...
We report a case of hypertension, hypokalemia, and amenorrhea accompanying an adrenocortical carcinoma. A 27-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of a left adrenal incidentaloma. She presented with hypertension, hypokalemia, and amenorrhea; her plasma renin activity was low, but her plasma aldosterone concentration was normal, as were cortisol and androgens. By contrast, her serum concentrations...
The relationship between subclinical thyroid dysfunction and blood pressure has been controversial and received unsufficient attention. Thus, we performed a cross-sectional study conducted among 6,992 inhabitants from six districts of Jiangsu Province to investigate the association of subclinical thyroid dysfunction with blood pressure in China. The data from 6,583 subjects (4,115 women and 2,468...
The aldosterone-to-renin ratio (ARR) is an accepted screening tool for primary hyperaldosteronism (PA). An ambulatory case finding test to separate surgically remediable aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) from other forms of PA, however, is currently not available. The aim of this study was to evaluate a reverse postural test (RPT) as a novel tool for identifying APA. We investigated 6 healthy controls,...
The objective is to evaluate the association of arterial stiffness [brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (ba-PWV)] with glycemic control and duration of type 2 diabetes in diabetic subjects with or without hypertension. One thousand Chinese diabetic patients (562 with hypertension, 438 without hypertension) were included in this study. All patients underwent ba-PWV and biochemical measurements. Ba-PWV...
The aim of this article was that high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) reduces blood vessel injury through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions. However, the effect of HDL-C on blood pressure may be controversial. Therefore, the aim of this study was to address whether HDL-C level is associated with blood pressure, and we examined cross-sectional data from community-dwelling persons...
Insulin stimulates proliferation of thyroid cells in culture. The presence of insulin resistance (IR) is associated with larger thyroid gland volume and an increased prevalence of thyroid nodules. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of any possible association between IR and thyroid cancer. Forty-one patients with diffuse thyroid cancer (Group 1) were matched for age and gender with...
To investigate the prevalence of thyroid nodules (TN) among a community population aged >40 years and to explore the association between TN and its metabolic risk factors. Data from 9,533 adults aged over 40 years who participated in the epidemiological investigation of thyroid nodules in a Chinese community-based population from June to December 2011 were included in the analyses. We compared...
Although the role of homocysteinemia (Hcy) as a coronary risk factor (RF) has been scaled down, hyper-Hcy and carotid vascular damage (CVD) are still considered as RFs for cerebrovascular events. In 276 grade-1 hypertensives (160 men and 116 women aged 59.6 ± 15.0 years) without known cardiovascular disease and having hyper-Hcy (≥15 μM/L), subclinical CVD was evaluated by ultrasonographic carotid-wall...
Osteoporosis is increasing in prevalence and importance as society’s age, with the clinical consequence of fractures of the hip, spine, and upper extremity, leading to impaired quality of life, loss of function and independence, and increased morbidity and mortality. A major risk factor for osteoporosis is older age, and cardiovascular diseases also share this risk factor; therefore, osteoporosis...
Cushing’s syndrome is associated with high cardiovascular morbility and mortality. Blood pressure (BP) variability within a 24-h period is increasingly recognized as an independent predictor of cardiovascular risk. The aim of our study was to investigate the short-term BP variability indices in Cushing’s syndrome. Twenty-five patients with Cushing’s syndrome (mean age 49 ± 13 years, 4 males; 21 Cushing’s...
The objective of this study is to determine the property of human perirenal adipose tissue (PAT) and assess the adipose property of PAT in hypertension. Ninety-four patients, including 64 normotensive patients (T-NP) and 30 hypertensive patients (HP), who underwent renal surgery were included. Expression analysis was performed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, and...
Comorbidities related to the cardiovascular system are one of the most prevalent in patients with acromegaly, and contribute to an increased risk of morbidity and all-cause mortality. Specifically, hypertension, cardiomyopathy, heart valve disease, arrhythmias, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and cardiac dysfunction may be frequent findings. Although the underlying physiopathology for each...
Subclinical Cushing’s syndrome is a condition of hypercortisolism in the absence of signs specific of overt cortisol excess, and it is associated with an increased risk of diabetes, hypertension, fragility fractures, cardiovascular events and mortality. The subclinical Cushing’s syndrome is not rare, being estimated to be between 0.2–2 % in the adult population. Despite the huge number of studies...
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