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Conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) consist of a series of positional and geometrical isomers of linoleic acid. CLA have been reported to beneficially affect cardiovascular risk factors in animal models. In order to assess the role of individual CLA isomers on lipoprotein cholesterol concentration, 30 hamsters were fed for 12 weeks an hyperlipidic diet containing pure cis-9,trans-11 CLA (c9,t11) or pure...
The experiment was designed to study the effects of butters differing in conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and trans 18:1 contents on lipoproteins associated with the risk of atherogenesis. New Zealand White male rabbits (9.6 weeks; 2.1 kg) were assigned for 6 or 12 weeks to three diets (n = 6 per diet) made of conventional pellets with 0.2% cholesterol and with 12% fat provided from a butter poor in...
Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) is an enzyme responsible for the production of cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid in ruminant fats, and for the synthesis of palmitoleoyl-CoA and oleoyl-CoA. To date, only one SCD isoform has been described in ruminant species, although multiple isoforms have been found in many other mammalian species. In this paper, we describe for the first time a second SCD isoform...
Muskox (Ovibos moschatus) are ruminant animals native to the far north and little is known about their fatty acid composition. Subcutaneous adipose tissue (backfat) from 16 wild muskox was analyzed and compared to backfat from 16 barley fed beef cattle. Muskox backfat composition differed substantially from beef and the most striking difference was a high content of 18:0 (26.8 vs. 9.77%). This was...
Prostaglandin E2 produced endogenously (by cyclooxygenases) can regulate macrophage phagocytosis. Cyclooxygenase activity reduction (mainly through inhibition of inducible Cox-2) can induce PGE2 synthesis depression and can activate the phagocytosis process. There are no reports in the literature explaining whether conjugated linoleic acid dienes (trans-10, cis-12 CLA and cis-9, trans-11 CLA) modify...
The term “conjugated linoleic acid” (CLA) refers to a group of positional and geometric isomers that are derived from linoleic acid and are found primarily in meat and milk products from ruminant animals. Due to the array of putative benefits associated with various forms of CLA, there has been recent interest in supplementing human diets with these fatty acids especially when weight loss is desired...
Dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and the antihypertensive drug, telmisartan, have both been shown to modify cardiovascular risks. The effects of a combination of these two agents have, however, not been investigated. This 20 week study sought to assess the therapeutic potential of a CLA/telmisartan co-administration in rats fed a high-fructose high-fat diet. Thirty-three male Sprague–Dawley...
There are multiple adverse effects of trans fatty acids (TFA) that are produced by partial hydrogenation (i.e., manufactured TFA), on CVD, blood lipids, inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial health, body weight, insulin sensitivity, and cancer. It is not yet clear how specific TFA isomers vary in their biological activity and mechanisms of action. There is evidence of health benefits on some...
Substantial research suggests that the t10,c12–18:2, but not the c9,t11–18:2, isomer of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) reduces milk fat synthesis in lactating bovine and rodent species. Because fat is the major energy-yielding component in human milk, we were interested in whether this is true for women as well. Thus, the effects of c9,t11–18:2 and t10,c12–18:2 on milk fat were examined in breast-feeding...
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