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Thin films of ionic conductors have low internal resistance. Hence, it could be used as an electrolyte material in sensors to operate at ambient temperatures. Cerium fluoride, a unipolar fluoride ion conductor, has got a different application in electrochemical sensor. In the present work, cerium fluoride thin films have been prepared by physical vapor deposition method and their electrical properties...
Molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) membranes were used to develop highly sensitive chemical sensors for the detection of herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-d). The 2,4-d imprinted composite MIP membranes were prepared, and the characterization was done by UV-VIS spectrophotometer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy, and the same were fitted in a...
In ceria–salt composite systems, the reasons for a two-order enhancement in conductivity relative to that for doped ceria are still unclear. In our attempt to gain further insight in the phenomenon of conduction, we have investigated two different sets of composites: alumina–salt and ceria–salt. Various compositions in the two-phase composite system involving gadolinium-doped ceria (GDC) and alkali...
A highly selective, sensitive, fast, and stable amperometric sensor for the determination of hydrogen peroxide residues in aseptic milk is presented. To fabricate this amperometric sensor, a thin film of Prussian blue was first electrodeposited on a glassy carbon electrode and then a Nafion polymer layer was formed on the top. It was found that Nafion film greatly improves the anti-interference ability...
In this work, a perturbed hard-sphere equation of state has been employed to predict the pressure–volume–temperature properties of some phosphonium-, pyridinium-, and pyrrolidinium-based ionic liquids in compressed states. Two temperature-dependent parameters that appeared in the equation of state have been determined using the critical properties of abovementioned ionic liquids as the scaling constant,...
The Ba(Ce0.8Zr0.2)0.95Yb0.05O2.975 ceramics electrolyte was prepared via a Pechini method using metal nitrate salts as starting materials. An optimum annealing temperature of 1,400 °C was needed to obtain a pure perovskite-like phase with orthorhombic structure. Particle size distribution showed a bimodal distribution that corresponds to the loose powders and agglomerates size. Scanning electron micrograph...
The pre-irradiation method is introduced to prepare methyl methacrylate graft-copolymerized composite separators. The morphologies of the grafted membranes (GMs) were observed under a scanning electron microscope. The cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectra results indicated that the obtained polymer electrolytes (PEs) based on GMs could hold the excellent performance of Li+ transportation...
Lithium-doped zinc oxide films were synthesized by spray pyrolysis technique, and their structural and optical properties were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscope, atomic force microscope, and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The effect of doping on the photoluminescence properties was investigated at room temperature (300 K). Polycrystalline nature of the films was...
Li[Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3]O2 and Sn-doped Li[Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3]O2 cathode materials for lithium battery are synthesized by a solid-state method. The samples are characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and charge–discharge test. The results show that the Sn-doped Li[Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3]O2 has a typical hexagonal α-NaFeO2 structure and strawberry-like...
A novel group of polymer blend electrolytes based on the mixture of poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc), poly(vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene) (PVdF-HFP), and the lithium salt (LiClO4) are prepared by solvent casting technique. Ionic conductivity of the polymer blend electrolytes has been investigated by varying the PVAc and PVdF-HFP content in the polymer matrix. The maximum ionic conductivity has...
The ionic conductivity of poly(ethylene oxide) and poly(propylene oxide) in pure solution form, individually complexed with salts of Na+ and Li+, with and without plasticizer (propylene carbonate) and in blended form with individual salt with and without plasticizer, was studied. The conductance measurements were made at various concentrations of salt polymer complexes and at different temperatures...
Spherical Sn–carbon core-shell powders (CSCM/Sn) were synthesized through a resorcinol–formaldehyde microemulsion polymerization performed in the presence of SnO2 powders, followed by carbonization in an inert atmosphere. Scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffractometry analyses showed that the Sn powders were thoroughly encapsulated within the carbon microspheres. The CSCM/Sn presented much...
(100-x)ZrO2(x)Bi2O3 (x = 5, 10, 15) system has been synthesized by solid-state reaction technique. Tetragonal Bi7.38Zr0.62O12.31 phase has formed in all the samples after sintering at 850 °C for 24 h. Apart from this, ZrO2 and Bi2O3 are also identified as minority phases. The volume fraction of Bi7.38Zr0.62O12.31 phase increases with increasing concentration of Bi2O3. The AC conductivity plots exhibit...
Three B-containing lithium salts, lithium bis(oxalato)borate, lithium (malonatooxalato)borate, and lithium bis(malonato)borate, are studied by density functional theory. The relationships between the structure of lithium salts and their physical chemistry characteristics are investigated. A linear correlation is observed between the highest occupied molecular orbital energy of lithium salts and their...
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