Metabolic Brain Disease

article

Analysis of cognitive dysfunction with silent cerebral infarction: a prospective study in Chinese patients

Jing Zhao, Huidong Tang, Jialan Sun, Baisong Wang, more

Metabolic Brain Disease > 2012 > 27 > 1 > 17-22

To investigate the relationship between Silent Cerebral Infarction (SCI) and cognitive impairment to testify that Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is a more sensitive screening tool than the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) to identify cognitive deficits in patients with SCI. We recruited 196 individuals in Shanghai of China and divided them into 2 groups: the SCI group including 112 individuals...

article

Exploratory investigation on nitro- and phospho-proteome cerebellum changes in hyperammonemia and hepatic encephalopathy rat models

Laura Brunelli, Roberta Campagna, Luisa Airoldi, Omar Cauli, more

Metabolic Brain Disease > 2012 > 27 > 1 > 37-49

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a neurological disease associated with hepatic dysfunction. Current knowledge suggests that hyperammonemia, related to liver failure, is a main factor contributing to the cerebral alterations in HE and that hyperammonemia might impair signal transduction associated with post-translational modification of proteins such as tyrosine-nitration and phosphorylation. However,...

article

Myelin specific cells infiltrate MCAO lesions and exacerbate stroke severity

Xuefang Ren, Kozaburo Akiyoshi, Marjorie R. Grafe, Arthur A. Vandenbark, more

Metabolic Brain Disease > 2012 > 27 > 1 > 7-15

Although inflammatory responses increase stroke severity, the role of immune cells specific for central nervous system (CNS) antigens remains controversial. Disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) during stroke allows CNS antigens to leak into the peripheral circulation and enhances access of circulating leukocytes to the brain, including those specific for CNS antigens such as myelin oligodendrocyte...

article

Pyruvate and creatine prevent oxidative stress and behavioral alterations caused by phenylalanine administration into hippocampus of rats

Simone Luisa Berti, Guilherme Marmontel Nasi, Cristina Garcia, Fernanda Luz Castro, more

Metabolic Brain Disease > 2012 > 27 > 1 > 79-89

Phenylketonuria is characterized by a variable degree of mental retardation and other neurological features whose mechanisms are not fully understood. In the present study we investigated the effect of intrahippocampal administration of phenylalanine, isolated or associated with pyruvate or creatine, on rat behavior and on oxidative stress. Sixty-day-old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into...

article

Contribution of hyperammonemia and inflammatory factors to cognitive impairment in minimal hepatic encephalopathy

Vicente Felipo, Amparo Urios, Encarna Montesinos, Inmaculada Molina, more

Metabolic Brain Disease > 2012 > 27 > 1 > 51-58

To assess the contribution of hyperammonemia and inflammation to induction of mild cognitive impairment (or MHE). We analyzed the presence of mild cognitive impairment (CI) by using the PHES battery of psychometric tests and measured the levels of ammonia and of the inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-18 in blood of patients with different types of liver or dermatological diseases resulting in different...

article

High level interleukin-6 in the medium of human pancreatic cancer cell culture suppresses production of neurotransmitters by PC12 cell line

Rong Li, Jian Hou, Qing Xu, Qing-Jun Liu, more

Metabolic Brain Disease > 2012 > 27 > 1 > 91-100

It has been suggested that pancreatic cancer is associated with a greater prevalence of depression than many other cancers, but the mechanism accounting for this potential association has not yet been illustrated. In the present study, conditioned media (CM) from three pancreatic cancer cell lines and primary pancreatic cancer cells from two patients were added to culture system of differentiated...

article

Glutamate carboxypeptidase II gene polymorphisms and neural tube defects in a high-risk Chinese population

Hua Xie, Jin Guo, Jianhua Wang, Fang Wang, more

Metabolic Brain Disease > 2012 > 27 > 1 > 59-65

Glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCPII) catalyzes the hydrolysis of N-acetylaspartylglutamate into N-acetylaspartate and glutamate in the brain. Animal experiments suggested that GCPII plays an essential role in early embryonic development. Previous studies provided conflicting results on the effect of the GCPII rs61886492 C>T (or 1561C>T) polymorphism on NTDs. In the Lvliang area of Shanxi province,...

article

Immune cell-mediated neuroprotection is independent of estrogen action through estrogen receptor-alpha

Junping Xin, Keith N. Fargo, Lisa Tanzer, Virginia M. Sanders, more

Metabolic Brain Disease > 2012 > 27 > 1 > 23-28

It has been well documented that both estrogen and immune cells (CD4⁺ T cells) mediate neuroprotection in the mouse facial nerve axotomy model. Estrogen has been shown to play an important role in regulating the immune response. However, it is unclear whether immune cell-mediated neuroprotection is dependent on estrogen signaling. In this study, using FACS staining, we confirmed that the majority...

article

Morphine metabolism, transport and brain disposition

Simona De Gregori, Manuela De Gregori, Guglielmina Nadia Ranzani, Massimo Allegri, more

Metabolic Brain Disease > 2012 > 27 > 1 > 1-5

The chemical structures of morphine and its metabolites are closely related to the clinical effects of drugs (analgesia and side-effects) and to their capability to cross the Blood Brain Barrier (BBB). Morphine-6-glucuronide (M6G) and Morphine-3-glucuronide (M3G) are both highly hydrophilic, but only M6G can penetrate the BBB; accordingly, M6G is considered a more attractive analgesic than the parent...

article

Contribution of GPR30 for 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D₃ protection in EAE

Sandhya Subramanian, Lisa M. Miller, Marjorie R. Grafe, Arthur A. Vandenbark, more

Metabolic Brain Disease > 2012 > 27 > 1 > 29-35

Previous studies have demonstrated that vitamin D3-mediated protection in EAE occurs only in females and is dependent on the presence of diestrus levels of 17β-estradiol (E2). To evaluate the role of estrogen receptors in vitamin D3 treatment of EAE, we compared disease severity, CNS histopathology and immunological responses in vehicle and calcitrol (1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D₃) treated WT C57BL/6 mice...

article

Alcohol-induced psychotic disorder: brain perfusion and psychopathology—before and after anti-psychotic treatment

Gerhard P. Jordaan, James M. Warwick, Daan G. Nel, Richard Hewlett, more

Metabolic Brain Disease > 2012 > 27 > 1 > 67-77

Alcohol-induced psychotic disorder (AIPD) also known as alcohol hallucinosis is a rare complication of alcohol abuse. The pathogenesis and treatment of AIPD are still unclear. Few prospective treatment studies are available but case reports generally suggest that anti-psychotic treatment is effective. Brain imaging changes in relation to treatment response have also not been studied except for case...

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Metabolic Brain Disease

Analysis of cognitive dysfunction with silent cerebral infarction: a prospective study in Chinese patients

Exploratory investigation on nitro- and phospho-proteome cerebellum changes in hyperammonemia and hepatic encephalopathy rat models

Myelin specific cells infiltrate MCAO lesions and exacerbate stroke severity

Pyruvate and creatine prevent oxidative stress and behavioral alterations caused by phenylalanine administration into hippocampus of rats

Contribution of hyperammonemia and inflammatory factors to cognitive impairment in minimal hepatic encephalopathy

High level interleukin-6 in the medium of human pancreatic cancer cell culture suppresses production of neurotransmitters by PC12 cell line

Glutamate carboxypeptidase II gene polymorphisms and neural tube defects in a high-risk Chinese population

Immune cell-mediated neuroprotection is independent of estrogen action through estrogen receptor-alpha

Morphine metabolism, transport and brain disposition

Contribution of GPR30 for 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D₃ protection in EAE

Alcohol-induced psychotic disorder: brain perfusion and psychopathology—before and after anti-psychotic treatment

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