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New phenomena – the first order magnetic phase transitions were observed in nanoclusters and nanostructures. For isolated ferrihydrite nanoclusters (d ∼ 1–2 nm) in porous materials, for α-,γ-Fe2O3 nanoclusters (d ∼ 20–50 nm) and for composites of nanostructured metallic Eu with additives of α-, γ-Fe2O3 nanoclusters and adamantane the critical temperatures (TC, TN) and magnetic cluster critical sizes...
Critical sizes and characteristics of nanoclusters and nanostructures are introduced as parameters of nanosystems. The following critical characteristics are under consideration: atomic and electronic magic numbers, critical size of cluster nucleation, critical size of melting–freezing of cluster, critical size of the first order magnetic phase transition. The critical characteristics are treated...
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