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Plant height (PH) and ear height (EH) are important agronomic traits in maize (Zea mays L.) breeding. To investigate the influence of the genetic background on the detection of quantitative trait locus (QTL) conferring PH and EH, related mapping populations were developed from a near isogenic line (NIL) and its recurrent parent. Through joint-environment analyses, a total of four QTLs for PH were...
The Flowering Locus T (FT)-like genes of angiosperms are highly conserved. The FT-encoded proteins include a phosphatidylethanolamine-binding domain that is involved in the control of the shoot apical meristem identity and flowering time. In the present study, FT genes were investigated in 20 bamboo species that are grouped into sympodial, mixed and scattered bamboos based on their morphology. All...
Validating positions and effects of putative quantitative trait loci (QTL) is an important step before employing linked markers in marker-assisted selection (MAS) or conducting finer-scale mapping. Previously, QTL for grain quality traits were identified in a population of 185 doubled haploid (DH) winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) lines developed from the cross CO940610/’Platte’. Clusters of QTL...
Fatty acids are the main components of the olive oil and their composition has a critical influence on the oil quality. However, oil quality evaluation has not been frequently included in the selection of new bred cultivars. This can be due to the difficulties in analyzing oil quality in large set of genotypes and also to the long juvenile period of olive seedlings. Therefore, the identification of...
Tolerance to postharvest chilling injury (PCI) is becoming an ever more essential trait for export-oriented vegetables requiring refrigerated transport and/or storage. Summer squash, Cucurbita pepo, is highly subject to PCI. We screened a collection consisting of 80 long-fruited accessions of morphotypes zucchini, cocozelle, and vegetable marrow for cold tolerance. Of these, we selected the most cold...
To develop a gene-based DNA selection marker for the hose-in-hose flower phenotype, we used a simple multiplex-PCR approach to detect the RoPI-1 mutant allele in several azalea cultivars and their progenies. Amplified fragments approximately 470 and 730 bp in size were obtained from hose-in-hose phenotypes, whereas single flower phenotypes only presented the approximately 730-bp product; this was...
Iris dichotoma and I. domestica were repeatedly crossed to obtain hybrids, a potentially new plant with high ornamental value. These hybrids are frequently selected for dwarf scaping, their large numbers of flowers, and their novel flower color; however selection is limited because of a lack of information between genotype and phenotypes. This study was aimed at characterizing the genetic differentiation...
Fruit setting after self-pollination, crosses and free-pollination appears to be erratic in the cultivated olive tree [Olea europaea subsp europaea L. (O. e. europaea L.)] because of a lack of a suitable model to enable prediction of rates. The same lack of prediction also applies to the wild taxon Olea europaea subsp cuspidata (O. e. cuspidata). Because of their close phylogenetic relationships,...
Physical appearance and eating and cooking qualities (ECQ) encompassed in rice quality traits have pivotal roles in the new varieties approved, dictating market value. In this regard, it was increasingly important to evaluate various physiological mechanisms, physicochemical properties and the genetic basis involved in controlling grain quality. The investigation in this study showed a large variation...
Search for genic SSRs from transcriptome sequence data of Brassica juncea and B. nigra and from unigene databank of B. rapa resulted in identification of 20,529 SSRs from 330,827 gene sequences. Identified SSRs (named as unigene microsatellite; UGM) were characterized based on their number of repeats, type of motif and base composition. Primers were designed for 2118 UGMs after in silico polymorphism...
Race 1 resistance against Verticillium dahliae in lettuce was originally shown in the cultivar La Brillante to be conditioned by a single dominant gene (Verticillium resistance 1, Vr1). Multiple, morphologically diverse sources of germplasm have been identified as resistant to race 1. In this study, allelism tests indicated that resistance in these different lettuce cultivars is closely linked or...
Increasing seed oil content is one of the most important breeding targets for rapeseed (Brassica napus). In this study, we combined quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping and marker-trait association analysis to dissect the genetic basis of seed oil content in rapeseed. A doubled haploid (DH) population with 261 lines was grown in two highly contrasting macro-environments, Germany with winter ecotype...
Members of the genus Kalanchoe are morphologically diverse; this increases their commercial value. Understanding the genetic mechanism of development of morphological characters could contribute to parent screening and offspring selection in future breeding programs. In this study, we investigated the inheritance of leaf color, leaf shape, anther color, and flower orientation of Kalanchoe species...
Association mapping was conducted to explore favorable alleles of the chlorophyll-related non-yellow coloring 1 (NYC1) gene under light and dark using an association panel of 146 maize inbred lines. A total of 14 polymorphic sites were identified to be significantly associated with at least one of the chlorophyll-related traits at the seedling stage. Four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (S320,...
Valsa canker (Valsa ceratosperma (Tode ex Fr.) Maire) is one of the most destructive fungal diseases of apple, especially in Eastern Asia. In this study, the first high density genetic linkage map of Malus asiatica × Malus domestica was constructed by 640 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and 490 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which spanned 1497.5 cM with an average marker interval of 1.33 cM...
Present study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between parental genetic distances, combining ability and heterosis in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Nine elite inbreds widely used in Chinese rapeseed breeding programs, were crossed in a diallel design to develop 36 hybrids and evaluated together with their parents across four environments. Genetic distances among lines were measured from...
Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata) is an important vegetable worldwide. Most Japanese commercial cultivars of cabbage use an F1 hybrid seed production system. The purity of F1 hybrid seeds is important and the assessment of purity based on DNA markers can be highly accurate. In addition, selection of agronomically important traits such as disease resistance based on DNA markers is useful...
To investigate the drought response in wheat spike, we evaluated variations in gene expression in the early grain-filling period at 6 days after anthesis by Affymetrix Wheat Genome Array. 566 differentially expressed probe sets were identified. 477 genes were upregulated (FC ≥ 2.0) and 89 (FC ≤ 0.5) were downregulated under water deficit. Most upregulated genes were involved in signal transduction,...
With climate change manifested in cotton growing regions primarily as a combination of rising temperatures and prolonged periods of low rainfall, it has become critical to improve the resiliency of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) to concurrent heat and drought stress. However, few investigations have considered the effect of this combined stress exposure on the phenotypic and genotypic correlations...
Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) causes significant yield loss and degrade the end-use quality of wheat, especially in regions with prolonged wet weather during the harvesting season. Unfortunately, the gene pool of Triticum durum (tetraploid durum wheat) has narrow genetic base for PHS resistance. Therefore, finding out new genetic resources from other wheat species to develop PHS resistance in durum...
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