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Summary Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a serious disease of wheat worldwide that may cause substantial yield and quality losses. Breeding for FHB-resistant cultivars is the most cost-effective approach to control FHB. The objective of the present study was to determine the relationship of resistance between new resistant sources and Sumai 3 using five simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers closely linked...
Summary Eight different genotypes of the F1 hybrids between Oriental × Asiatic lily (Lilium) hybrids (2n = 2x = 24) were treated with nitrous oxide (N2O) gas under pressure for 24 and 48 hours. At the time of treatment, all plants possessed early meiotic stages in the anthers of the oldest flower buds. The mature flowers from treated plants were monitored for fertility through pollen germination in vitro...
Summary S-locus inhibitor gene (Sli), which can inhibit gametophytic self-incompatibility in diploid potatoes and alter self-incompatible to self-compatible plants, was introduced by crossing into 32 diploid genotypes as females and its expression in the F1 and S1 progenies was investigated. We found that the expression of self-compatibility in the F1 hybrid progeny depended largely upon the female...
Summary Durum or macaroni wheat (Triticum turgidum L., 2n = 4x = 28; AABB genomes) arose as a natural hybrid between two wild species, Aegilops speltoides Tausch (2n = 2x = 14; BB genome) and Triticum urartu Tumanian (2n = 2x = 14; AA genome). The two progenitors hybridized in nature about half a million years ago and gave rise to tetraploid wheat, presumably in one step as a result of functioning...
Interspecific hybridization is an effective method to generate a new crop that gains available functions in a short time. Interspecific hybrids (2n= 16) betweenAllium fistulosumL. (2n= 16) andAllium schoenoprasumL. (2n= 16) were produced by reciprocal crossings through ovary culture, but the hybrids were much fewer in the combination usingA. schoenoprasumas a seed plant. All the hybrids have eight...
Summary A linkage map in a population of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from an interspecific cross between Cicer arietinum (ILC72) × Cicer reticulatum (Cr5-10), resistant and susceptible to blight, caused by Ascochyta rabiei, respectively, was obtained using RAPD, ISSR, STMS, isozyme (Pdf6) and flower colour (pink/white) markers. The map comprised ten linkage groups and covered a distance...
A partial amphiploid, TE-3, between Triticum aestivum cv. Chinese Spring (CS) and Thinopyrum intermedium ssp. trichophorum was characterized by cytological observation, genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), seed storage protein electrophoresis and disease resistance screening. The TE-3 plants were deeply covered with pubescence, which is characteristic of the Th. intermedium ssp.trichophorum parent...
A random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker named OPC06-1900 was previously found linked to a fertility restorer gene (Rfw) for cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) in radish (Raphanus sativus L.). The RAPD marker was converted to a dominant sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker SCC06-1894 by molecular cloning and nucleotide sequencing. A BLAST search revealed that the SCAR marker...
Summary The doubled haploid (DH) system and the single seed descent (SSD) technique are frequently applied in breeding of self-pollinated crops to rapidly obtain homozygous lines from heterozygous hybrids. This study presents a comparison of populations of barley DH and SSD lines in terms of traits of stem structure. The SSD and DH lines derived from F1 and F2 hybrids Roland x Apex were examined in...
Summary Plant regeneration from cultured tissues has been shown to be under genetic control in a number of plant species. Using quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping technology, it has become possible to estimate the number of loci controlling genetic variation and to characterize their map position in the genome. With the use of different types of mapping populations such as recombinant inbred lines...
Total reliance on herbicides for weed control is unsustainable with the spread of herbicide resistance and the environmental need to reduce pesticide use. Strongly competitive wheat crops that have high tolerance to weed pressure and therefore maintain high yields in the presence of weeds are a low-cost option for reducing dependence on herbicides. We examined the feasibility of selecting for wheat...
Summary Genetic variability in the apple [Malus] fruit disorder bitter pit and fruit calcium concentrations ([Ca]) was determined in 25 seedling families at each of two sites from 1999 to 2000 and again for one site, in 2001. Most trees were free of pit or had low pit incidence, which could be approximated by an over-dispersed binomial distribution. A genetic component to external and internal pit...
Summary The results showed that the F1 genotype from the cross (Brassica napus cv. Zheshuang 758 × cv. Z-4115) had good response to embryogenesis, and their embryo yield and rate of plant regeneration reached 69.8 embryo/bud and 46.9%, respectively. Characters from the doubled haploid (DH) populations in B. napus were analyzed and it was showed that the means of each agronomic trait were between their...
Summary Cajanus platycarpus, an incompatible wild species from the tertiary gene pool of pigeonpea (C. cajan (L.) Millspaugh), has many desirable characteristics for the improvement of cultivated varieties. To necessitate such transfers, embryo rescue techniques were used to obtain F1 hybrids. The F1 hybrids were treated with colchicine to obtain tetraploid hybrids, that were selfed to obtain F2,...
Summary Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers linked to quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with resistance to sorghum shoot fly, Atherigona soccata resistance were used to characterize the genetic and phenotypic diversity of 12 cytoplasmic male-sterile (CMS) and maintainers, 12 restorer lines, and 144 F1 hybrids. The genetic diversity was quite high among the shoot fly-susceptible parents and...
Bulb color in onions (Allium cepa) is an important trait, and homogenous red coloration is desirable in red onion cultivars. The gene encoding anthocyanin synthase (ANS) is required for anthocyanin biosynthesis in onions. We have previously described three different alleles of the ANS gene. Here we report identification of the fourth allele of ANS, ANS-h1, found in a dark red doubled haploid line...
Summary On-farm conservation of landraces is one strategy to maintain the diversity of crop germplasm in local agro-ecosystems. The genetic structures of landraces are a key biological factor in on-farm conservation strategies. To accumulate a genetic understanding that will help establish a methodology for on-farm conservation, the genetic organization of landraces of aromatic rice in Namdinh province,...
Molecular markers (RAPD, AFLP and microsatellites) were used to generate a linkage map and to identify QTLs associated to witches' broom (Crinipellis perniciosa) resistance in cacao (Theobroma cacao), using 82 individuals of an F2 population derived from the clones ICS-1 (susceptible) and Scavina-6 (resistant). Fifteen evaluations of the number of brooms have been carried out in six years (1997–2002)...
Milling and baking quality traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were studied by QTL analysis in the ITMI population, a set of 114 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) generated from a synthetic-hexaploid (W7985) × bread-wheat (Opata 85) cross. Grain from RILs grown in U.S., French, and Mexican wheat-growing regions was assayed for kernel-texture traits, protein concentration and quality, and dough strength...
Summary The effect of gibberellic acid containing mixtures, silver thiosulphate and extended photoperiod on flowering induction in 16 non-flowering potato genotypes and on flowering enhancement in 14 normally potato flowering genotypes was studied in sub-tropical plains of India during short-day autumn crop season of 2000–2001 and 2001–2002. Extended photoperiod alone was not successful in induction...
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