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A new collection of introgression lines (ILs) have been developed using the Spanish cultivar ‘Piel de Sapo’ (PS, subsp. melo, group ibericus) as the recurrent parent, and ‘Queen’s pocket melon’ (DUD, subsp. melo, group dudaim PI 273438) as donor. Genome-wide markers assisted selection has been proceed in several backcross generations to obtain a set of 16 ILs. An average of 1.4 introgressions/plant...
Brown rust caused by Puccinia melanocephala H. Sydow & P. Sydo is an important sugarcane disease that severely threatens sugarcane production in China. Breeding and planting resistant cultivars is the most cost-effective and efficient strategy for the control the disease. In addition, exploration, research, and utilization of resistant genes are the basis for resistance breeding. In the present...
Karyotype and meiotic analysis were performed on forty-five natural populations of genus Avena sampled in contrasting bioclimatic areas of Northern Africa. The diploids (2n = 2x = 14) A. clauda, A. eriantha and A. hirtula are sporadic in hills and mountains of the Tellian Atlas only. A. wiestii (2x) are scattered in arid and semi-arid regions, of which an unexpected 4x population has been discovered...
The need for sustainable intensification of agriculture in the coming decades requires a reduction in nitrogen (N) fertilization. One opportunity to reduce N application rates without major losses in yield is breeding for nutrient efficient crops. A key parameter that influences nutrient uptake efficiency is the root system architecture (RSA). To explore the impact of N availability on RSA and to...
With respect to ACP 100 germplasm, we have been notified by Dr. S. Abbo (who provided the seeds) that the identification of this accession was mistaken. The identification
Genetically diverse germplasm sets are necessary for the identification of heterotic groups in hybrid breeding programs. Assigning parental lines to identified heterotic groups may increase the efficiency of hybrid rapeseed breeding programs. In this study, the genetic diversity, population structure, relationship, and linkage disequilibrium (LD) of 995 rapeseed accessions, including improved breeding...
In Brazil there is a limitation in the choice of commercial papaya hybrids for cropping. This factor is responsible for the crop vulnerability to the pests and diseases attack, being of great importance the investigations that aim at the availability of new genotypes. In papaya breeding programs to developed new hybrids, the lines should be evaluated by their combining ability. This step is important...
Prunus mume is a traditional ornamental tree with a graceful architecture that blossoms early in spring and presents beautiful flowers with a pleasant fragrance. Recently, the weeping trait has received increasing attention for its ornamental appeal and potential application to agriculture. In this study, we identified the SNPs tightly linked to the weeping trait using a linkage population based on...
Responsible for approximately 70% of the world’s coffee exports, Brazil is increasingly concerned about the quality of the coffees produced, given the growing demand for so-called specialty coffees. With this, the breeders need, besides the agronomic characteristics, to consider the physical and sensorial quality of the beans in the breeding programs. However, the greater the number of characteristics...
Grain hardness is an important characteristic of wheat quality. This trait is mainly related to the variation in, and the presence of, puroindolines (Pina and Pinb genes), and, to a lesser extent, the grain softness protein (Gsp-1) gene. The current study evaluated the allelic variability levels of these three genes in 12 diploid lines from Agropyron cristatum, a species from the tertiary wheat genepool...
Epigenetic variation is one of the many consequences of wide hybridization and polyploidy. We have investigated changes in the epigenetic landscapes following re-synthesis of Brassica juncea lines. The intergenerational transfer of epigenetic changes and their association with trait phenotypes were also studied. Inferences were drawn from DNA methylation analysis of 137 recombinant inbred lines (RILs)...
Angular leaf spot (ALS), caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans, is a common and devastating bacterial disease of cucumber worldwide. However, to the best of our knowledge, the report on genetic mapping of ALS resistance in cucumber is relatively few. In this study, IL52, a Cucumis hystrix introgression line of cucumber, was identified to be resistant to ALS. To investigate the inheritance...
Semi dwarfism in hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is primarily governed by two loci, Rht-B1 and Rht-D1. Cultivars adapted to the soft red winter wheat growing region of southeastern USA are predominantly Rht-D1b genotypes but report no significant grain yield advantage over Rht-B1b semi dwarfing cultivars. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of allelic variation at Rht-B1...
Cytoplasmic male-sterility (CMS) has been used in F1 hybrid seed production in onion (Allium cepa L.). Two types of CMS (CMS-S and CMS-T) have been reported in onions. Almost complete mitochondrial genome sequences of normal, CMS-T, and CMS-S cytoplasm types have been obtained in previous studies. Unlike highly divergent CMS-S mitochondrial genome, there were only three single nucleotide polymorphisms...
Post-drought recovery, persistence and summer dormancy in smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis L.) genotypes and the inheritance of these traits as affected by different prolonged water management regimes are very poorly understood. In this study, we evaluated first-generation half-sib families derived from the polycross of parental genotypes for phenological, agronomic and morphological traits in the...
The objectives of this study were to characterize crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum L.) germplasm for plant maturity and associated agronomic characteristics to identify germplasm with late maturity. A field trial was established in July 2014 at Saskatoon, Canada using 45 crested wheatgrass accessions representing materials from 18 countries in a randomized complete block design with four replications...
Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV), also known as apricot pseudo pox, “viruela” (in Spain) and “butteratura” (in Italy), has had a significant impact on the production of Prunus species, including apricot (P. armeniaca L.). Two apricot cultivars have recently been described as resistant to this virus: the traditional Spanish cultivar ‘Mauricio’ and the French cultivar ‘Bergeron’. However, as...
Rapeseed breeding programs are focused mainly on improving plant potential and seed yield. One of the ways to improve seed yield in oilseed rape is heterosis, which is hybrid vigor that results in a greater biomass, increased seed yield, and faster development. The purpose of this study was to estimate yield-related trait heterosis for single cross and three-way cross hybrids of winter oilseed rape...
Lotus tenuis is a perennial forage legume species closely related to the model legume L. japonicus. Genetic relatedness between cultivated and model Lotus species has not been exploited so far. Furthermore, L. tenuis drought tolerance cultivars for marginal environments are in high demand. Marker-assisted selection is a modern breeding tool that allows to dissect genetically complex traits such as...
The occurrence of flowering time in wheat is affected not only by the vernalization and photoperiod response, but also by earliness per se (EPS). The effects of this trait facilitate the fine tunning of the life cycle for regional adaptation within mega environments. To contribute to the knowledge of the wheat germplasm grown in Argentina and to the understanding of the genetic basis underlying variation...
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