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Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important food in the northwest of Spain where it is consumed as either green pods or dry seeds after cooking. Quality properties play a major role in cultivar acceptance by processors and consumers. To determine if sufficient variation in important culinary and nutritional traits exists within common bean, fifty-nine populations (plus five commercial cultivars)...
The inheritance of the localized necrosis, apical necrosis, and mosaic reactions induced by bean severe mosaic comoviruses in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), was studied in crosses of Great Northern 123 × Pitouco, Great Northern 123 × Iguaçu and Pitouco X Iguaçu. Great Northern 123 reacts with mild mosaic, Iguaçu with localized necrosis, and Pitouco with apical necrosis to bean severe mosaic...
The first introduction of common bean from Central/South America into Western Europe most likely took place around 1500. The attractive bean seeds and their easy transportation warranted numerous additional introductions, not only from the Americas, but also from other areas where the common bean had been introduced. Bean seeds also must have been transported all over Europe both locally and internationally...
Cultivars of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) capable of yielding well at low levels of native or added phosphorus (P) are highly desirable in many tropical production systems. The objective of the present study was to identify geographical regions which might be sources of such genotypes. A total of 364 landraces, cultivars and wild genotypes, drawn from a broad geographic range, were divided...
The genetic basis of the photoperiod response in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) was investigated using DNA markers and recombinant inbred populations. Two loci affecting photoperiod response were resolved, the previously defined primary locus (Ppd), at which the dominant allele confers sensitivity to photoperiod, and a second locus (herein defined as Hr), which influences the degree to which...
Phaseolus vulgaris L. is the most important economic species within the genus Phaseolus, and it is grown in all parts of the world. Genetic improvement by conventional breeding has met considerable success, although production of hybrids between species within the genus has been limited due to sexual incompatibility or other evolutionary lethalities. Recent advances in tissue culture have offered...
Genetic characterization of 51 individual pure lines from 13 landraces of three common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) mixtures from the southern highlands of Tanzania was undertaken using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. A dendrogram generated by cluster analysis from data derived from fragments amplified by 12 random 10-base primers divided the bean individuals onto two main branches...
If we are to breed common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) for durable resistance to diseases, we must understand pathogenic variation and find sources of resistance. Our first objective was to determine the patterns of pathogenic variation found among isolates of Phaeoisariopsis griseola (PG), the fungus that causes angular leaf spot (ALS) in common bean. We characterized 433 PG isolates from 11 Latin...
Bulked segregant analysis was utilized to identify random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers linked to genes for specific resistance to a rust pathotype and indeterminate growth habit in an F2 population from the common bean cross PC-50 (resistant to rust and determinate growth habit) × Chichara 83-109 (susceptible to rust and indeterminate growth habit). Six RAPD markers were mapped in a coupling...
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and tepary bean (P. acutifolius Gray) are grown for their edible seed and production is limited by insufficient soil moisture in many parts of the world. Carbon isotope discrimination (Δ) against 13CO_2 during photosynthesis has been suggested as a useful selection criterion to improve crop productivity in water-limited environments, however, there is a need to...
Common bean often faces P deficiency in soils where it is generally grown. Such a deficiency is a major limitation to grain yield improvement, especially when common bean relies on N2 fixation. Screening for symbiotic N2 fixation (SNF) under P deficiency (72 μmol P plant-1 week-1) was performed in a glasshouse with 220 lines originating from the Andean and Meso-American gene pools. Large variability...
Forty accessions, forming a core collection of mainly bush type of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) germplasm in the Netherlands, were evaluated for 14 qualitative and quantitative traits at the Agricultural University, Wageningen (WAU), the Netherlands in 1992. These and an additional 117 Dutch accessions, mainly collected in private home gardens, were also evaluated for phaseolin seed protein...
Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) associated with physiological resistance to Fusarium Root Rot (FRR) and root architecture traits were mapped in a black bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) recombinant inbred line (RIL) population. The parents of this population were the landrace Puebla 152 and the cultivar Zorro that differed in root architecture traits. The population was screened against FRR strain FSP-3...
Rust caused by Uromyces appendiculatus (Pers., Pers.) Unger is one of the major foliar diseases of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) in Uganda. The use of host resistance remains the best option in managing this disease. The objective of this study was to identify sources of broad-spectrum rust resistance in common bean germplasm including landraces, commercial cultivars and introduced genotypes using...
In situ conservation of wild species is a method of conservation that allows keeping populations in their natural environments, and set the strategies for maintaining the natural populations. The Active Bank of Northwestern Argentina (BANOA) is in charge of the in situ conservation of wild populations of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Northwestern Argentina (NOA), and has an ex situ collection...
The final field trials to evaluate elite lines developed by the Embrapa national common bean breeding program generated a phenotypic database composed by agronomic traits of 84 elite lines and nine cultivars over a 16-year period (1993–2008) and 450 environments in all Brazilian growing areas. The main goal of this study was to use this database as a model to compare the consistency of the results...
Estimates of genetic diversity based on molecular and morphological data are common in the literature; however, they do not take the most agronomically important traits into consideration. Use of these estimates for recommending parent lines has not had much practical success because the populations thus generated generally exhibit wide variability, but medium to low means for the target trait. A...
Slow darkening (SD) is a trait that helps to maintain a brighter seed coat appearance in certain market classes of dry beans. The aim of this study was to generate new fluorescence-based markers and validate previously identified microsatellite markers for linkage to the SD trait in lines of the carioca market class. Four segregating populations were generated by Embrapa, the Brazilian Agricultural...
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