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Tan spot (TS), Stagonospora nodorum blotch (SNB), and Septoria tritici blotch (STB) are three major leaf spot diseases of wheat worldwide. Host plant resistance (HPR) is one of the main components in the management of these diseases in wheat. The objective of this study was to identify new sources of resistance to TS (races 1 and 5), SNB, and STB. A total of 164 wheat genotypes developed by the International...
Scientists and farmers in Uganda identified preferred sweet potato: (1) varieties through participatory varietal selection (PVS); and (2) new clones from seedling populations through a participatory plant breeding (PPB) approach. During these two processes, farmers identified 51 attributes of their landraces and of released varieties and used 21 criteria to select clones from amongst the seedling...
The study of the genetics of resistance in pepper to the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora capsici has been complicated due to a lack of use of a common set of pathogen isolates and host genotypes. We have developed a differential series for this system using eleven pepper genotypes and thirty-four isolates of the pathogen from California, New Mexico, North Carolina, and Turkey. Through differential...
In this study, 118 common wheat (Triticum aestivum, 2n = 2× = 42, AABBDD) and durum wheat (Triticum durum, 2n = 4× = 28, AABB) genotypes of Ethiopian origin were evaluated for reaction to tan spot using two Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Ptr) isolates. Among the commercial Ethiopian bread wheat cultivars HAR604, HAR2562, and Dashen were resistant to both the ASC1a and DW-16 isolates. Inheritance and...
Lactuca virosa L. is a wild relative of lettuce that is potentially an important source of resistance to big-vein disease, an economically damaging disease of lettuce. Identification of L. virosa accessions with resistance to Mirafiori lettuce big-vein virus (MLBVV), the disease causing agent, may be useful for lettuce breeding. The objectives of this research were to determine the genetic variation...
Fusarium head blight (FHB) caused by Fusarium species, is among the most devastating wheat diseases, causing losses in numerous sectors of the grain industry through yield and quality reduction, and the accumulation of poisonous mycotoxins. A germplasm collection of spring and winter wheat, including nine reference cultivars, was tested for Type II FHB resistance and deoxynivalenol (DON) content....
Bacterial blight (BB) of rice caused by X. oryzae pv. oryzae is a major production constraint in commercial hybrid rice production in the Philippines because most of the parental lines used in hybrid production do not carry resistance genes against the pathogen. In this study, three bacterial blight resistance genes, Xa4, Xa7 and Xa21, were introgressed to a temperature-sensitive genetic male sterile...
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