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The present investigation was carried out to estimate the interrelationships and repeatabilities of various variability parameters, i.e., genotypic (σ2g) and phenotypic (σ2p) variances, genotypic (GCV) and phenotypic (PCV) coefficients of variation, broad-sense heritability (h b2 ), genetic advance (GA), and genetic gain (GG), using data derived from a number of plant characters [seed yield (SY),...
In this work we detected the extent of variability at nuclear and cytoplasmic DNA level of regenerated plants belonging to Solanum genotypes with a different genetic background and somatic chromosome number. As for the nuclear characterization, a total of 66 (18.5%) polymorphic bands were scored using 13 ISSR primers on 45 randomly selected regenerants. Our results show that the regenerants obtained...
In this research, we used two sets of cotton aneuploid (G. hirsutum × G. tomentosum and G. hirsutum × G. barbadense) plants to locate AFLP markers to chromosomes using deletion analysis method. Thirty-eight primer combinations were used to generate 608 polymorphic AFLP markers. A total of 98 AFLP markers were assigned to 22 different cotton chromosomes or chromosome arms. Of those assigned markers,...
The pol cytoplasmic male-sterility system has been widely used as a component for utilization of heterosis in Brassica napus and offers an attractive system for study on nuclear–mitochondrial interactions in plants. Genetic analyses have indicated that one dominant gene, Rfp, was required to achieve complete fertility restoration. As a first step toward cloning of this restorer gene, we attempted...
Two diploid sugar beet genotypes of agronomical importance were transformed using Agrobactriumtumefaciens harboring pBI35Scry containing a synthetic cry1Ab gene. Leaf blade with attached shoot bases, a highly regenerative tissue, were used as explant substratum for transformation. PCR screening with cry1Ab-specific primers showed the presence of transgene in more than 50% of the regenerated kanamycin-resistant...
Ordering dominant markers in F2 populations is considered a difficult problem. The difficulties arise from the fact that recombinations cannot be observed directly from the data. In general, the multi-point maximum likelihood would be the appropriate criterion for ordering markers. This criterion takes into account all available information present in marker data. However, calculation of multi-point...
Forty-two Chinese sugar-beet breeding lines were evaluated for the presence of normal and male-sterile (Owen) cytoplasms using polymorphisms in the chloroplast petG-psbE region as well as in the mitochondrial minisatellite loci. The polymorphisms detected allowed the distinction of three cytoplasm types over the whole sample, one being associated with Owen cytoplasm, a second with the maintainer inbred...
For breeding potato varieties resistant to late blight, identification of resistance genes to Phytophthora infestans (Rpi genes) is essential. Introduction of Rpi genes from wild Solanum species into cultivated potato is likely to be a good method to achieve durable resistance to P.infestans. In this study, we identified two Rpi genes (Rpi-ber1 and Rpi-ber2) derived from two different accessions...
Renanthera imschootiana and Vanda coerulea are two rare and endangered orchid species featuring in IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants as well as in Red Data Book of Indian Plants, and are renowned for their unique ornamental traits. Renanthera imschootiana and V. coerulea have different flowering periods and by taking opportunity of off-season flowering of V. coerulea which happened during the flowering...
The expression of the “glanded-plant and glandless-seed” trait was assessed using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis methods in different Gossypium hybrids obtained by crossing Australian diploid cottons and various diploid and tetraploid species. Significant variation in the gossypol content in the seed was observed among the analyzed genotypes. HPLC data demonstrated that the...
The ovules at the stage of fiber initiation from −1 to +1 days post-anthesis (dpa) were studied, using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), in five Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivars varying in lint percentage from 28.53% to 43.10%. Our results indicated that on −1 days post-anthesis (−1 dpa), fiber cell protrusions were found in all cultivars, but these protrusions varied among different...
Aroma descriptors variability was evaluated by quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) in Spanish cultivars. Abariño, Mencía and Godello cultivars were evaluated by three expert panels by using monovarietal wines. The frequency and intensity of aroma descriptors was evaluated and geometric mean (GM) was calculated. The largest differences between cultivars were shown by principal component analysis...
The open-bud mutant plant has a flower bud that is open at its tip due to the shortening of the corollas, resulting in exposure of the stigma and upper anthers. This mutant plant is potentially useful as a parent for producing hybrid cotton seeds. We have identified the open-bud trait to be inherited as recessive duplicate genes and finely mapped them in the homoelogous chromosome (chr) pair of chr...
The optimal plant growth habit and architecture of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is dependent on environmental conditions. The objectives of this research were to determine if plant growth habit impacts a plant’s ability to grow in low P conditions, as measured by P uptake, seed yield, and P use efficiency and to determine if aboveground plant growth habit and root growth are associated at variable...
Tolerance to low temperature is an important prerequisite for optimal performance of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in a number of temperate peanut-growing environments. One hundred fifty-eight peanut accessions belonging to five botanical types, known to be tolerant to low temperature (12°C) at germination, were evaluated for phenotypic diversity for 15 morphological traits in the 2001 rainy season...
Genetic mapping is an essential tool for cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) molecular breeding and application of DNA markers for cotton improvement. In this present study, we evaluated an RI population including 188 RI lines developed from 94 F2-derived families and their two parental lines, ‘HS 46’ and ‘MARCABUCAG8US-1-88’, at Mississippi State, MS, for two years. Fourteen agronomic and fiber traits...
The mechanism that controls the proportion of cannabichromene (CBC), a potential pharmaceutical, in the cannabinoid fraction of Cannabis sativa L. is explored. As with tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), CBC is an enzymatic conversion product of the precursor cannabigerol (CBG). CBC is reported to dominate the cannabinoid fraction of juveniles and to decline with maturation. This ontogeny...
Solanum commersonii is a wild tuber-bearing species native to Uruguay with high potential for use in potato breeding programs. Little is known about the genetic diversity within this wild species and the relationship with the resistance to the bacterial pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum. We studied 30 S. commersonii clonal accessions, 20 of which were collected from geographically different areas across...
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