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Using data on students in grades 5 to 9 in the West Bank, we study the link between poor mental health and cognitive development. After controlling for a wide range of potential confounders in an entropy balancing approach, boys’ cognitive test scores are significantly associated with self- and parent-reported measures of mental health. Boys classified as having abnormal mental health scores lag about...
The Nationalökonomische Gesellschaft (NOeG) was founded in June 1918 by a group of young scholars, mostly based in Vienna, as a forum for theoretical debate. Despite the prominent economists involved (e.g. Schumpeter, Mises, Mayer, Spann, Amonn) its activities soon petered out. The relaunch of the NOeG in 1927 originated from the necessity of the two strands of the Austrian school, led by Mayer and...
This article sets out the foundations for a programme of research that aims to explore equality of opportunity in health by drawing on the statistical tools of causal and mediation analysis, while developing a normative approach to the role of early life circumstances and education as a source of inequality of opportunity in health.
We study the undeclared work patterns of Hungarian employees in relatively stable jobs, using a panel dataset that matches individual-level self-reported Labour Force Survey data with administrative records of the Pension Directorate for 2001–2006. We estimate the determinants of undeclared work using Heckman-type random-effects panel probit models, and develop a two-regime model to separate permanent...
In this paper, we try to assess the short-run and long-run effects of changes in the value of the euro on the trade balance of 12 original members of the euro zone to identify those who benefit from euro depreciation. After estimating a linear and a nonlinear trade balance model for each country, the results favor the nonlinear adjustment of the real euro and nonlinear models. We find that while seven...
The GIPS countries, the southern European crisis countries, have seen depressed output dynamics and high unemployment rates during the great recession following the 2007–2008 financial crisis. This paper considers the effects of measures that seek to improve competitiveness by reducing real unit labour costs. The results are derived in structural vector autoregressive models for each of the GIPS counties...
This paper reports on the preliminary results of a research project (supported by the Oesterreichische Nationalbank) about Austrian economists under the Nazi regime from 1938 to 1945. The biographies of nearly 200 economists were collected who had close relations to Austria and who were affected in some way or another by the politics of the Third Reich: some as perpetrators, followers or opportunists,...
The study aimed to explore the priorities of authorities and payers related to policy options for pharmaceutical pricing and reimbursement and to understand the rationale of their preferences. Representatives of competent authorities for pharmaceutical pricing and reimbursement and public payers of the 28 EU Member States were invited to express their preferences of 16 pharmaceutical policy measures...
Following the intellectual exodus of the 1930s and persecution by the Nazi regime, economics in Austria had, with only a handful of exceptions, lost connection to international trends. After 1945, political choices further consolidated this state of affairs. Only after a generation change and thanks to a climate of reforms in the late 1960s and 1970s, research both outside and inside universities...
This paper re-examines three outstanding contributions on the laws of costs and returns that were first presented at NOeG meetings in the interwar period. Oskar Morgenstern, in a paper presented in January 1930, provided a lucid account of the unresolved problems in the Marshallian approach to the construction of long-run industry supply curves. A few months later, Jacob Viner presented his classic...
People of working age affected by a severe health condition earn less than they would do otherwise. They work fewer hours a week, or fewer weeks a year, or have to make do with lower hourly wages. This paper focuses on the relation between the degree of severity of a health condition and the degree to which this has a depressive effect on earnings. The authors construct a measure for the overall state...
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