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Nanocomposites of polylactide (PLA) and bacterial cellulose nanowhiskers (BCNW) with improved properties were obtained through melt compounding. Prior to melt processing, and with the aim of improving BCNW dispersion, lactic acid oligomers (OLLA) were in situ polymerized in the presence of the nanofiller (both freeze-dried and partially hydrated). This in situ polymerization reaction enhanced the...
Energy-efficient manufacturing is a requirement for the large-scale production of nanofibrillated cellulose systems. Today, most strides involve the development of new physicochemical pre-treatment processes or invention of new or further-development of existing mechanical delamination processes; these approaches are often costly. In this communication, it was shown that significant reduction in energy...
Computational modeling reveals that a cell wall network whose mechanical integrity is dominated by a small mass fraction of “hotspot” linkers between microfibrils can sit close to a percolation threshold, across which mechanical integrity is very sensitive to the number of hotspots. In the model, the mechanical properties of cell wall fragments consisting of cellulose microfibrils and xyloglucan linkers...
Partially carboxylated cellulose wood fibers (CMF) with highly swollen balloon-like structures were ultrasonicated to produce spherical cellulose gel particles with donut-shaped interior structure. The formation of these particles is most likely due to the characteristic microfibril arrangements in swollen CMF consisting of alternating regions of “balloons” and “collars”, which have different structural...
In this study, surface-initiated ring-opening polymerization has been employed for the grafting of ε-caprolactone from cellulose nanoparticles, made by partial hydrolysis of cellulose cotton linters. A sacrificial initiator was employed during the grafting reactions, to form free polymer in parallel to the grafting reaction. The degree of polymerization of the polymer grafts, and of the free polymer,...
This work proposes the use of eucalyptus pulp as an adsorbent for biodiesel purification. Methyl sunflower biodiesel was produced by alkaline transesterification and passed through a column containing the adsorbent. The evaluated impurities were free glycerol, methanol, water content and alkali metals (Na + , K + , Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ ). The cellulose...
This study explored the effect of type of core fluids on the fabrication of hollow and core–sheath cellulose acetate (CA) fiber. Tailoring the CA fiber with desirable features such as reinforced core, porous and hollow structure provides unique features for use in various applications. Fibers with such characteristics can be used for better controlled release drug delivery system or to promote cell...
Films prepared from aqueous suspensions of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) often display iridescent colors due to the reflection of light from the helicoidal orientation of the rod-like CNC in the film. Droplets of CNC suspension deposited on a plane surface evaporate to give films that display iridescent rings. Profilometry measurements across the rings show that the outer edge of the films is much...
Hydrothermal pretreatment has shown a great promise in biochemical conversion process improving sugar recovery of enzymatic hydrolysis due to its green and simple process features. However, there is very a little useful data on its impact on the generation of inhibitors retarding the subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis. In this investigation, three two-stage hydrothermal pretreatments with different severities...
The research aims at treating cotton fabrics with double-shell polyurethane-chitosan photochromic microcapsules using the coating method. FTIR indicated that an acylamino group formed between the hydroxyl of cotton fabric and amino group of the chitosan shell. The surface morphology of treated cotton fabrics revealed the compact and uniform distribution of double-shell polyurethane-chitosan...
The mesoscale packing and crystal structure of cellulose microfibrils as well as temporal changes in cell wall composition and hydration during the development of cotton fibers from two species, Gossypium hirsutum and G. barbadense were studied using vibrational sum frequency generation (SFG), attenuated total refection infrared (ATR-IR), Fourier transform Raman (FT-Raman)...
In this current work, a series of cellulose-based flocculants, carboxymethyl cellulose- graft -poly[(2-methacryloyloxyethyl) trimethyl ammonium chloride] (CMC- g -PDMC) with different grafting ratios were successfully synthesized. CMC- g -PDMC bears high flocculation performance in removal of an anionic dye, Acid Green 25 (AG25), at various pH conditions,...
Graphene oxide/cellulose-poly(butylene succinate) (GO/CE-PBS) films with excellent mechanical properties were prepared via the help of ionic liquid. During the process of preparation of the composite films, PBS as the toughening material was added to the composite with the dissolution of CE. The X-ray diffraction results showed that GO was completely exfoliated in the CE-PBS matrix. Fourier-transform...
We used molecular dynamics simulation to model the effect of urea and thiourea on the solvent quality of aqueous solutions with respect to cellulose. A model system consisting of a periodically replicated cellulose molecule of effectively infinite degree of polymerization immersed in aqueous (thio-)urea solution was considered. Kirkwood-Buff theory, which relates the pair distribution functions to...
Surfaces of cotton, polyester (PES) and polyamide (PA) fabrics have been modified by the sol–gel process in order to achieve silica based hybrid coatings onto the fibers for enhancing their water repellency, thermal stability and mechanical properties. The effects of synthesis parameters such as the concentration of the alkoxysilane used as main precursor, the chloropropyltriethoxysilane (CPTS), and...
Highly purified cellulose fibers were directly welded at nanoscale using dimethyl acetamide containing lithium chloride (DMAc/LiCl) solvent. For welding fibers directly at nanoscale, lignin and hemicelluloses were first removed from the nano-disconnection between laterally adjacent nanofibrils through proper bleaching; hence, nano-scale pores were created between lateral nanofibrils. The solvent...
The aim of this study is to design a nanocellulose based barrier film. For this purpose, cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) are used as a matrix to create an entangled nanoporous network that is filled with two different nanofillers: nanoclay (reference), i.e. the mineral montmorillonite (MMT) and the bio-based TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanocrystal (CNC-T), to produce different types of nanocelluloses...
In this study, fibrous cellulose membranes were successfully mass produced by forcespinning ® cellulose acetate, followed by alkaline hydrolysis treatment. Its performance as lithium-ion battery separator was evaluated. The cellulose membrane exhibits a randomly-oriented, fully-interconnected and highly porous three-dimensional fibrous network structure with a high porosity of 76 %...
Monodispersed inorganic oxide nanoparticles are one kind of the most commonly used templates for efficient and controllable preparation of conducting polymer nanostructures. In this article, we report the fabrication and characterization of PPy-coated cotton fabrics through in situ chemical polymerization by using CuO nanoparticles as template. The electrical conductivity of the coated samples...
Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) fibers with low degree of substitution were prepared by wet spinning of solutions in 8 wt% aqueous NaOH solvent. The spinning solution had a classical shear-thinning behavior and a good stability towards gelation according to its rheological behavior. The influence of drawing conditions on the structural characteristics and tensile properties of the resultant HEC fibers...
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