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A new chemo-enzymatic treatment is proposed to produce cellulosic fibers suitable for heterogeneous- or homogeneous-phase acetylation. The procedure included enzymatic (laccase–violuric acid) lignin removal from the precursor fibers (unbleached sulfite pulp) followed by hydrogen peroxide treatment. An optional intermediate stage included partial hydrolysis (endoglucanase) to increase fiber reactivity...
Recyclable flame retardant paper was made by constructing zinc coordinated multi-layered coatings consisting of positively charged polyethylenimine/melamine and negatively charged phytic acid. Herein, with the paper matrix as a carbon source, phytic acid was chosen as the acid source, while polyethylenimine and melamine served as the blowing agent. The successful deposition of zinc ion coordinated...
Microcrystalline cellulose immobilized zerovalent iron nanoparticles (CI-1-3) with different loading of 6, 12 and 24% w/w Fe0 were synthesized by NaBH4 reduction under simultaneous co-precipitation of cellulose from ionic liquid ([BMIM]Cl)-water binary mixture. SEM, TEM, FTIR, VSM, XRD and XPS analysis were carried out to characterize the material. The electron microscopy studies revealed the immobilization...
The eco-friendly flame-retardant I-type ammonium polyphosphate (I-type APP) has poor water solubility and poor durability when applied to textiles, limiting its application in the textile industry. In this study, we resolve I-type APP solubility in water and then improve its durability for cotton fabric. The resolvable APP was grafted onto cotton fabrics by the P–O–C bonds. The limiting oxygen index...
Solvent-assisted soft nanoimprint lithography of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) has been applied to easily fabricate nano-/microscale structured cellulose films of various structures, including line gratings and pillar patterns. The cellulose-based ink consisted of CNCs, citric acid, and sodium hypophosphite monohydrate. After imprinting with a crosslinked poly(dimethylsiloxane) stamp (PDMS), the patterned...
Cellulose-based material for novel and functional application, has attracted more attention, due to its degradable, renewable and green nature. In this research, a conductive regenerated cellulose film (CRCF) was developed as an effective counter electrode (CE) for preparing dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The CRCF presented desirable surface morphologies and structure and low resistance, and...
The main objective of this investigation was to improve the dispersion effect of silver nanoparticles on nano silver sol preparation by encapsulation of silver nanoparticles in neutral nanoliposomes (NL) and cationic nanoliposomes (CL) as an alternative to polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). Prepared Ag-liposome nanocomposites and antibacterial cotton fabrics were characterized by XRD, TEM, SEM and XPS respectively...
Cellulose was dissolved in LiCl/DMAc solvent system at various concentrations. Using rheological measurements, we observed that the cellulose solution becomes gelled upon heating and jelly-like during cooling. Interestingly, while phase separation occurs during heating (from room temperature to higher) along with a sol–gel transition, and this transition is irreversible, the cooling (from room temperature...
Cellulose–Ag@AgCl composite films were fabricated by one-step coagulation of the cellulose/1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (BmimCl)solution with AgNO3. AgCl was firstly formed when AgNO3 was added into cellulose/BmimCl solution, and then the formed AgCl was further reacted with excess Cl−, leading to the complete dissolution of AgCl. The AgCl crystal would grow again from cellulose matrix in...
There has been considerable interest in the improvement of the stability of tea polyphenols (TPP), which are susceptible to oxidation, even after encapsulation. The results of current study showed that the addition of sulfated cellulose nanocrystals (SCNC) resulted in improved colloidal stability of gelatin-encapsulated tea polyphenols (G-TPP), leading to enhanced free radical scavenging capacity...
Textile manufacturing industries produce large amounts of viscose fiber wastes (VFW), causing serious environmental pollution. This study presents an acid-free approach to prepare spherical cellulose nanocrystals (SCNs) with carboxyl groups from industrial VFW by one-step hydrothermal ammonium persulfate (APS) oxidation. Novel double-response surface methodology was employed to optimize the reaction...
5,8-Dihydroxy-[1,4]-naphthoquinone (DHNQ) is one of the key chromophores occurring in all types of aged cellulosics. This study investigates the degradation of DHNQ by chlorine dioxide at moderately acidic (pH 3) conditions, corresponding to the conditions of industrial bleaching (“D stage”). The degradation involves three major pathways. As initial reaction, a hydrogen transfer from DHNQ to chlorine...
The preparation method of Silver (Ag)-loaded cellulose paper based on the formation of seed nuclei has been proposed as a functional material with high antibacterial performance. Metal palladium (Pd) was employed for the formation of seed nuclei, followed by sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate reduction to create Pd–Ag-cellulose paper. The properties in term of micro morphology, distribution of...
The corona treatment is promising for the improvement of the quality of fabrics and composites, but there are only a few studies on its effectiveness for surface modification of nanofibril films for printing and packaging purposes. This investigation aimed to evaluate the effect of the evolution of corona discharge exposition on the superficial, physical and mechanical properties of eucalyptus and...
Paper is still regarded as the most common carrier of information. Encouraged by environmental policies, the papermaking technology recently changed, resulting in an increased production of recycled paper. Two types of contemporary paper, non-recycled and recycled, were thus investigated to evaluate possible differences in their rate of degradation. The analyses were carried out using unaged paper...
By combining the waste of oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) and graphene oxide (GO), a GO/cellulose aerogel bio-nanocomposite was produced via a simple mixing method. The thermal properties of this nanocomposite were examined using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and the GO/cellulose aerogel bio-nanocomposite exhibited good thermal stability indicated by a delay in the degradation of the nanocomposite...
The superiority of dense polymer membranes intended for protective clothing has been well demonstrated in literature. However, the best protection provided by dense membranes may be balanced out by less breathability and retention of liquid sweat on the skin surface, both of which contribute to wearer discomfort. Despite being imperative, the simultaneous investigation of breathability and liquid...
An alkali based method has been optimised and proposed to extract the cellulosic fibres from the corn husks. Physicochemical and morphological properties of the fibres extracted from corn husk have been studied in detail, and compared with the well-explored cellulosic fibre, like cotton and ligno-cellulosic fibre, like jute. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray were used to study...
Thin nanocellulose-based composite films (approximately 25 μm) were made with cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), cellulose nanofibers (CNFs), and Zn(2-methylimidazolate anion)2 (ZM) modified CNFs for potential use in energy storage devices such as battery separators. The film morphology and surface wettability were studied in comparison with a commercial Polypropylene-Polyethylene-Polypropylene (PEP)...
Pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate), an antioxidant widely applied in the plastic industry, was used to assist thermal reduction of graphene oxide (GO) on a cotton fabric in air. l-ascorbic acid was also applied for comparison. GO was deposited on the fabric by the padding method. Reduction of GO deposited on fiber surfaces at 180 and 220 °C in air imparted electrical...
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