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An ecological and viable approach for the in situ forming silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on cotton fabrics has been used. Silver nanocoated fabric of brownish yellow color (AgNPs, plasmon color) was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). SEM images revealed that the surface of the modified cotton was...
Cotton fabrics were treated with oxygen plasma gas and/or wrinkle-resistant finishing agent with polycarboxylic acid. The results of wicking rate, contact angle and wettability tests revealed that the atmospheric plasma treatment significantly improved hydrophilicity of cotton fiber. Such improvement greatly enhances the effectiveness of post-finishing processes. The study showed that chemical composition...
Cotton cellulose fibers were modified in inert plasma. Surface morphology of the modified fibers was studied by SEM and changes in the surface composition by XPS and FTIR. Standard goniometry was used for determination of contact angle as a function of modified fiber aging. Absorptivity of modified fibers was determined by gravimetry and fiber width in physiological solution, simulating body liquids,...
The outstanding advantages of N-halamine materials over other antimicrobial materials are their durable and rechargeable antimicrobial properties, as well as their efficacies in inactivating a broad spectrum of pathogens. Theoretically, the oxidative chlorine of antimicrobial cotton coated with N-halamine hydantoin diol can be restored upon loss of its biocidal efficacy after exposure to ultraviolet...
A novel N-halamine precursor with tertiary amino group (5,5-dimethylhydantoinyl-3-ylethyl)-dimethylamine (DEADH), was synthesized and then covalently bonded onto cotton fabrics modified by 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane to form quaternarized N-halamine precursor grafted cotton fabrics which could be transferred to N-halamine structure upon exposure to dilute sodium hypochlorite solution. The grafted...
This research aimed to create multifunctional cellulose fibres with water- and oil-repellent, self-cleaning, and flame retardant properties. A sol mixture of fluoroalkyl-functional siloxane, organophosphonate and methylol melamine resin was applied to cotton fabric by the pad-dry-cure method. Successful coating was verified by atomic force microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The...
A simple, environmentally benign and energy efficient process for fabricating single faced superhydrophilic/hydrophobic cotton fabrics by controlling surface texture and chemistry at the nano/microscale is reported here. Stable ultra-hydrophobic surfaces with advancing and receding water droplet contact angles in excess of 146° as well as extreme superhydrophilic surfaces are obtained. Hydrophobic...
In this study, cotton fabrics were finished with Aloe vera gel along with 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxlic acid as a crosslinking agent using the pad-dry-cure method. The finished fabrics were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The infrared spectra confirmed that the active ingredients of A. vera gel attached to the hydroxyl groups of cotton fabric via a carboxylic acid cross-linking...
A graft-polymerization process with atomized lauryl methacrylate as monomer is used to fabricate fluorine-less and asymmetrically superhydrophobic cotton fabrics. The polymers synthesized in the process can form nanoscale hierarchical structures on the cotton surface, and the surface morphology can be controlled by choosing a suitable solvent or by varying the feeding quantity of the monomer mist...
In this study, a reactive UV-absorber (UV-DTHM) was synthesized by the reaction of 2,4-dihydroxy benzophenone with 2,4,6-trichlorotriazine and showed excellent ultraviolet absorption property and good thermostability. Using pad-dry-steam process, UV-DTHM was grafted into bleached cotton fabric through the covalent surface modification of the cotton fibers. The optimal finishing conditions, such as...
Recently, utilization of ecofriendly procedures has been developed for synthesis of nanoparticles to avoid use of toxic chemicals and to achieve biological compatibility. Application of biosynthesis methods through the use of microorganisms, yeasts, plants or plant extracts is known as green synthesis. The ashes of burnt leaves and stems of Seidlitzia rosmarinus plant are called Keliab in Iran, mostly...
Use of enzymes in different parts of textile finishing processes has become popular, and several enzymes have been introduced into the textile industry. This study aimed to carry out the whole fabric pretreatment process in a single bath containing different enzymes. Ultrasonic cavitation was also tested to show its effect on enzyme-based finishing of cotton fabric. After optimization of the enzyme-based...
Woven cotton fabric was first modified with citric acid by a conventional pad-dry-cure process and then coordinated with Fe(III) ions to prepare a Fe(III)-modified cotton fiber complex. After the characterization by SEM, FTIR, XPS, XRD and DRS, this complex was used as a heterogeneous Fenton catalyst for the degradation of a typical textile dye, Acid Red 88, under visible irradiation. Some...
A screening experiment was designed to investigate the possible factors affecting the performance of activated peroxide systems (APSs) on bleaching of cotton fabric. The design of experiment comprised thirteen factors such as type of bleach activator (BA), concentration of bleach activator ([BA]), molar ratio of hydrogen peroxide to bleach activator ([H 2 O 2 ]:[BA]),...
Recently, many efforts have been made to efficiently impregnate different textile materials with metal and metal oxide nanoparticles in order to provide antimicrobial, UV protective or self-cleaning properties. Evidence of their environmental risks is limited at this point. The aim of this study was to explore the influence of Ag and TiO 2 nanoparticles on biodegradation of cotton...
In the present investigation, multi-response optimization in enzymatic desizing of cotton fabric against various chemo-physical conditions was carried out using an L9 orthogonal array in Taguchi design. The input parameters were the concentrations of Fe2+ ions and sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), and temperature. The specimens were assessed by TEGEWA rating, absorbency, reducing sugars, bending length,...
In this study, a novel, halogen-free, formaldehyde-free, organic phosphorus-based flame retardant, ammonium salt of hexamethylenediamine-N,N,N′,N′-tetra(methylphosphonic acid) (AHDTMPA), was synthesized using urea and hexamethylenediamine-N,N,N′,N′-tetra(methylphosphonic acid) (HDTMPA). AHDTMPA reacted with the O-6 hydroxyls of glucose residues in the cellulose of cotton fabric to form P–O–C covalent...
In this study, the surface layer of cotton fabric was swelled with N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide with 18 % water content, washed and dried to improve its stiffness property. Finally, the finished fabric had no auxiliaries and self-stiffened. The results showed that the bending rigidity increased from 0.75 × 105 to 1.57 × 105 mN cm, the acute elastic crease recovery angle from 95.2° to 117.3°, the delayed...
This paper reports results of an investigation of the effects of different parameters used in the antimicrobial finishing process on rechargeable antimicrobial finishing of cotton fabric after plasma pretreatment. Cotton fabric was pretreated with a mixture of nitrogen and helium plasma before coating with 5, 5-dimethylhydantoin (DMH) (i.e. plasma-pad-dry-cure) and then chlorinated with sodium hypochlorite...
Application of encapsulated essential oils in the chemical finishing of textiles is rapidly developing because of their versatility and flexibility. In this work, alginate nanocapsules containing peppermint oil were prepared by the microemulsion method and applied on cotton fabric by a microwave curing process. Effective parameters on antimicrobial activity of finished cotton fabric were optimized...
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