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Adult female rats were treated subcutaneously (sc) with zinc chloride (ZnCl, 10 or 20 mg kg body weight, bw) four times during two ovarian cycles. The third injection was accompanied by cadmium chloride (CdCl) administration sc (2.5, 5 and 10 mg kg bw). The fourth zinc (Zn) treatment was followed by mating. ZnCl (20 mg kg) itself impaired fertility by 20%, while CdCl dose-dependently blocked the receptivity...
The metabolism-independent metal binding characteristics of Ulva lactuca were investigated using both freeze-dried thalli and cell walls stripped of intracellular material by incubation in Triton-X followed by methanol. Biosorption of Cd, Zn, Cu and Co by freeze-dried thallus was concentration-dependent and followed Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms. The Freundlich plot suggested that freeze-dried...
This work was undertaken to analyse the effects of acutecadmium administration on the pulsatile patternof prolactin release, in adult male rats.For this purpose, animals were cannulated 40 h before the experi-mentto allow a continuousblood withdrawal. Two hours after the administration of one dose of cadmiumchloride (4.5 mg kg1 ), the pulsatile pattern of prolactin, during three hours, was studied...
The effects of cadmium on adrenocorticotropin hormone(ACTH) secretion are controversial and seem todepend on the dose and duration ofthe exposure to the metal. This work was undertaken to analyze theeffects of acutecadmium administration on the episodic pattern of ACTH release in adult male rats. Forthispurpose, animals were cannulated 40 h before the experiment to allow a continuousblood withdrawal...
Metallothionein (MT) and cadmium (Cd) contents were determined in the subcellular fractions of the liver and kidneys of bank voles exposed for 6 weeks to elevated levels of dietary Cd-40 and 80 μg g-1 dry weight. Hepatic and renal MT was detected exclusively in the cytosol, while Cd was found in the cytosol (73–79% of the total content), nuclei (14–18%) and particulates (4–9%). The concentration of...
Reverse transcription (RT) PCR technique was used to investigate the mechanism of apoptosis induced by Cd and the change of its related genes in testes and prostate of rats. Adult male rats were given a single (s.c.) injection of CdC l2 0, 2.5, 5.0, 10 μmol/kg. 48 h and 72 h after administration of Cd, animals were sacrificed. The results indicated that Cd can induce apoptosis in testes via p53-independent...
The main goal of this study was to investigate the role of cadmium in the promotion of lipid peroxidation in the homogenates of rat testes and the effect of selenium on lipid peroxidation in testes of rats after cadmium injection. Treatment of rats with cadmium resulted in a time- and dose-related accumulation of the metal ions in testes. The concentrations of cadmium, copper, zinc, selenium and iron...
This study was undertaken to analyze if the effects of subchronic alternating cadmium exposure on pituitary hormone secretion are mediated by changes in dopamine turnover in an age dependent way or are directly correlated to cadmium accumulation at the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. Male rats were treated sc. from day 30 to 60 (prepubertal period) or from day 60 to 90 (adult age) of life, with cadmium...
Effects of some metals on the growth of cultured human erythroleukemia K-562 cells were investigated when grown in two different types of media based upon RPMI-1640 or Ham's F-10. The study on proliferation, using RPMI-1640 supplemented with sodium selenite, selenomethionine, mercuric chloride, methylmercuric chloride and cadmium nitrate showed no inhibition of growth at concentrations of 2.5, 25,...
In the present investigation sub-chronic hepatic necrosis was induced by cadmium chloride and was examined biochemically, haematologically and histopathologically in order to study the time-dependent effect and correlation among the parameters. Male balb/c mice were injected with cadmium chloride (2.5 mg/kg bw s.c.) for each other day and, sacrificed on the 7th day, 14th day and 21th day post exposure...
Concentration of cadmium in blood in an elderly population with a mean age of 87 years was studied in relation to age, blood pressure, BMI, cognitive function, gender and smoking. This population-based study consisted of 804 subjects both men and women. Clinical examination included medical and social history, physical and neurologic examination, and assessment of cognitive functions with Mini-Mental...
The induction of apoptotic cell death by cadmium was investigated in eight mammalian cell lines. Great differences in the cytotoxicity of cadmium were found with different cell lines: Rat C6 glioma cells turned out to be most sensitive with an IC50-value of 0.7 μM, while human A549 adenocarcinoma cells were relatively resistant with an IC50-value of 164 μM CdCl2. The mode of cadmium-induced cellular...
The effect of calcium supplementation on absorption and retention of cadmium in the suckling period was evaluated in Wistar rat pups of both sexes. Animals were maintained in the litters with the mother rats and supplemented with 1%, 3% or 6% calcium (as CaHPO4×2H2O) in cow's milk by artificial feeding from day of birth 6 through 14. All rats were exposed to cadmium (as CdCl2×H2O) either orally or...
This work was designed to evaluate the possible changes in glutamate, aspartate, glutamine, GABA and taurine within various hypothalamic areas the striatum and prefrontal cortex after oral cadmium exposure in adult male rats, and if these changes are related to pituitary hormone secretion. The contents of glutamine, glutamate, aspartate, GABA and taurine in the median eminence, anterior, mediobasal...
Phytochelatins (PCn) are thiol-containing peptides with general structure (γ-Glu-Cys)n-Gly enzymatically synthesized by plants and algae in response to metal exposure. They are involved in the cellular detoxification mechanism for their capability to form stable metal-phytochelatin complexes. The speciation of Cd and Pb complexes with phytochelatins has been studied in laboratory cultures of the marine...
Zinc gets into the brain parenchyma across the blood-brain and the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barriers, while cadmium hardly gets into the brain parenchyma. Because histidine may be involved in zinc transport across the brain barrier systems, the binding to histidine was compared between zinc and cadmium to understand the difference in brain permeability to both metals. Sephadex G-10 gel filtration...
Cadmium, an environmental pollutant, can have adverse effects on the human body. The kidney is the critical organ. In order to improve the understanding of the dose-response relationship between cadmium exposure and health effects, and especially renal dysfunction, a study on a general population group in China was performed. This study was therefore concerned with cadmium exposure biomarkers, such...
It is well established that cadmium affects plasma levels of the pituitary hormones studied. However, whether the effects of the metal are dose dependent needs to be clarify. This work was designed to evaluate the possible changes in plasma levels of gonadotropins, prolactin, ACTH, GH and TSH after oral cadmium exposure in adult male rats. Plasma levels of these hormones were measured in adult male...
The effects of chronic cadmium exposure on adipose tissue have not been extensively reported. In adult Wistar male rats we investigated in vivo effect of 6 weeks lasting cadmium intake in drinking tap water (CdCl2 9,7 mg/l). Insulin receptors in isolated adipocytes from epididymal fat and glucose transporter protein GLUT4 content in fat tissue plasma membranes were determined. Control and Cd treated...
Cadmium has recently been shown to induce apoptosis in C6 glioma cells via disruption of the mitochondrial membrane potential and subsequent caspase 9-activation. Here we show that both H2O2 and CdCl2 induced apoptotic DNA fragmentation in C6 cells. The employment of glutathione as an antioxidant prevented the induction of apoptotic DNA fragmentation by cadmium completely and catalase strongly reduced...
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