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Lower Oligocene, shallow-water carbonates of the Calcareniti di Castelgomberto formation (Monti Berici, Italy, Southern Alps) are studied in detail with respect to fabric and component distributions in order to trace paleoecological changes along a monotonous sedimentary stacking pattern. The carbonates are dominated by coralline algal rudstones with a packstone to wackestone matrix. Non-geniculate...
The encrusting microorganism Lithocodium (type species: Lithocodium aggregatum Elliott), widespread in Late Triassic–Middle Cretaceous shallow-marine carbonates of the Tethys realm, was interpreted in the past as a codiacean green alga, a lituolid foraminifer, calcimicrobial colonies, ulotrichalean green algae, or chambers of boring sponges. A re-study of the type material of L. aggregatum (in the...
The dasycladalean green alga Triploporella remesi (Steinmann) is redescribed based on material collected from the Kotouč quarry near Štramberk (Moravia, Czech Republic), probably corresponding to the type locality. The alga is Tithonian–early Berriasian in age according to the age assigned to the Štramberk Limestone. The new material, in addition to the detailed description of Steinmann, indicates...
The dasycladale Clypeina helvetica was described and illustrated with six drawings by Morellet and Morellet (Bull Soc Géol Fr 4o ser 18:102–105, 1918) from the “Bartonian” of the Helvetic Zone of southwestern Switzerland. Since then, C. helvetica has not been reported again neither from Switzerland nor from any other locality. Abundant material sampled from the Priabonian Diablerets Member of the...
Bačinella irregularis was described by Radoičić (Bull Serv Géol Géophys Rep Serbie 17:87–92, 1959) as an alga incertae sedis. Based on material from the Lower Aptian of the western Maestrat Basin (Spain), the genus Bačinella with its various species is revised; an emended diagnosis is given as well as a detailed description. Bačinella is interpreted as an organism that excavated complex branching...
The poorly known larger benthic foraminifer Balkhania balkhanica Mamontova is reported from the Tirgan Formation (Upper Barremian-Lower Aptian) in the northeastern part of Iran. It was so far only known from Iran (Kopet Dagh and Central Iran), Turkmenistan, and central Afghanistan. Obviously, B. balkhanica possessed a limited distributional area overlapping largely with that of the dasycladalean alga...
Halysis is a microfossil found in Ordovician to Devonian shallow-marine carbonates. Up to now, it is only known from thin-sections, and therefore its three-dimensional shape and its systematic position are controversial. Halysis is described as a chain-like microfossil with a shape of the single “chain links” ranging from circular to rounded rectangular. Given that Halysis commonly co-occurs with...
Neomeris (Lamouroux, 1816) is an extant taxon, the origin of which can be tracked back into Early Cretaceous times. The introduction of a new mid-Cretaceous species from Brazil, i.e., Neomerissrivastavai n. sp., offers the opportunity to review the subdivision of the genus into three subgenera, to complete the catalogue of the fossil calcareous algae of Brazil, and to point out the huge stratigraphic...
Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous Štramberk-type reef limestones are known from some parts of the Southern Carpathians in Romania. The Upper Jurassic deposits mainly consist of massif reef limestones including a variety of microbialites associated with micro-encrusters. They played an important role in the formation and evolution of the reef frameworks and thus are of significant importance for deciphering...
Ongoing microbialite formation is described at two previously unreported sites in southern Sinai, Egypt. Samples were collected in the peritidal tropical environment of Nabq Bay and Hidden Bay (southern Sinai, Egypt). Field observations and sample analyses show evidence of both sediment trapping and biostabilization in bacterial mucilaginous sheaths and microbially induced mineralization, producing...
Calcareous algae and microproblematica have been studied in the Middle Permian part of the Dalan Formation in Dena Mountain, Zagros, southwest Iran. Murgabian (=Wordian) microfossils are the most diversified. The assemblages encompass, among the dasycladales, Anthracoporella spectabilis, Epimastopora piae, Epimastoporella japonica, E. likana, Paraepimastopora? cf. densipora n. comb., Gyroporella cf...
Tubiphytes Maslov (Nigriporella Rigby, Shamovella Rauser-Chernoussova) and similar organisms belong to one of the most abundant, enigmatic fossils reported from Carboniferous to Cretaceous rocks of numerous localities worldwide. Tubiphytes has been referred to many distinctly different organisms of the Tethys occurring in shallow water, particularly reef biotopes. Paleozoic Tubiphytes were revised...
Previously unreported dasycladaleans and one morpho-taxon of assumed algal origin are described from Upper Turonian to Santonian rocks of the Lower Gosau Subgroup (LGS) of the Northern Calcareous Alps. A taxonomic inventory of green-algal/benthic foraminiferal assemblages shows that assemblages of “pure” carbonate environments are more diverse than those of siliciclastic and mixed siliciclastic-carbonate...
Iranella inopinata gen. and sp. nov. was first described in the unpublished thesis of Gollestaneh (1965), as an incertae sedis from the Lower Cretaceous carbonate rocks of the Zagros fold-thrust belt. More recently, the taxon was formally, although provisionally described by Hosseini and Conrad (Geol Croat 61:215–237, 2008), as a dasycladalean alga named Salpingoporella? inopinata. Here,...
New material collected in Albian and Cenomanian strata from Brazil helps us to better understand the structure of a poorly known dasycladacean alga, Holosporella nkossaensis P. Masse, in Bull Centr Rech Explor-Prod elf aquitaine, 19: 301–317, 1995: each of its fertile laterals, which are regularly arranged in verticils along the cylindrical algal thallus, consists of a distally inflated primary bearing...
Recent studies on the Lower Cretaceous deposits located in various areas of the Romanian Carpathians resulted in the identification of several specimens of dasycladalean algae assigned to the genus Triploporella including Triploporella carpatica Bucur, Triploporella cf. praturlonii Barattolo, Triploporella cf. steinmannii Barattolo, Triploporella sp. 1, Triploporella sp. 2, and Triploporella n. sp...
Previous taxonomic studies have shown that polyconitid rudists have a characteristic arrangement of the myocardinal system with an ectomyophoral cavity on the posterior side of the left valve. The specific arrangement of the myophores and associated cavities defines the different genera. However, there has been little research on the three-dimensional spatial distribution and size of the internal...
The Lower Ordovician (late Tremadocian–early Floian) Fenhsiang and the overlying Hunghuayuan Formations at the Chenjiahe section in the Three Gorges area of Hubei Province, South China, include four types of reef: microbe-dominated (lithistid sponge–stromatolite and lithistid sponge–calcimicrobial) reefs, and skeletal-dominated (lithistid sponge–bryozoan and bryozoan–pelmatozoan) reefs. The microbe-dominated...
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