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Abstract. In conifers, attacks by bark beetles and associated pathogenic fungi cause an induced wound response, which is characterized by accumulation of antifungal compounds and morphological changes that aid wound healing. In this article the stilbene and terpene concentrations of Norway spruce phloem were monitored as symptoms of induced wound responses in relation to changed nutrient conditions...
The anatomical defense responses in stems of Norway spruce (Picea abies) clones of different resistance to pathogenic fungi were characterized over time and distance from small mechanical wounds or wounds inoculated with the root rot fungus Heterobasidion annosum. Common responses for both treatments included division of ray parenchyma and other cells in the cambial zone, accumulation of phenolic...
The extractive content of lignin and the brown-rot decay-resistance against Coniophora puteana and Poria placenta were studied in larch heartwood from different species and origin (Larix decidua var. decidua, L. decidua var. sudetica, L. kaempferi , L. eurolepis). The study material consisted of 106 trees from a 39-year old provenance trial in France. The hot-water-soluble extractives were very variable...
We studied phenolic metabolism and plant growth in birch seedlings at the beginning of their development by inhibiting phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), which is the first committed step in phenylpropanoid metabolism. Betula pubescens (Ehrh.) seeds were germinated in inhibitor-free media and the seedlings were transferred to hydroponic culture at the cotyledon stage. They were 6 days old at the start...
The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term effects of elevated CO2 concentration (doubling of ambient CO2 concentration) and temperature (2–6°C elevation) on the concentration and content of secondary compounds in the needles of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) saplings grown in closed-top environmental chambers. The chamber treatments included (1) ambient temperature and CO2, (2) ambient...
Interplant communication has been widely demonstrated in plants, especially in herbaceous plants. In this study, mechanical damage was shown to affect the levels of pyrochatechol, chlorogenic acid, gallic acid and p-hydroxyl benzoic acid in poplar (Populus simonii×P. pyramidalis ‘Opera 8277’) cuttings, indicating the activation of defense response. In neighboring intact cuttings, the levels of those...
This study assessed the variation of leaf anatomy, chlorophyll content index (CCI), maximal stomatal conductance (gsmax ) and leaf wettability within the canopy of an adult European beech tree (Fagus sylvatica L.) and for beech saplings placed along the vertical gradient in the canopy. At the top canopy level (CL28m) of the adult beech, CCI and leaf anatomy reflected higher light stress, while...
Plants respond to feeding injury by chewing insects by inducing both a general response to mechanical wounding and a specific response to herbivore-associated elicitors. In both cases, plant response involves complex biochemical and physiological changes. We compared chemical and physical responses of paper birch (B. papyrifera) and European white birch (B. pendula) stems to mechanical injury to determine...
Key messageBased on time courses of individual antioxidant compounds, bark phenolic metabolism has been recognised to integrate ascorbate–glutathione system as a redox hub in Norway spruce defence againstCeratocystis polonicainfection. Abstract Temporal courses of individual phenolics, thiols and ascorbate were studied in Norway spruce phloem over a 5-month period after inoculation at...
Key messageAlong a fire frequency gradient, we found a savanna tree species had the greatest below ground decay compartmentalization after coppicing as compared to other resprouting species located at mesic gradient positions. Abstract In pyrophilic ecosystems, woody plants are repeatedly injured or topkilled (i.e. aboveground tissue is killed) by frequent fires, and many woody species persist in...
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