Dysphagia
Abstract. A mealtime screening tool was administered to 349 residents of a home for the aged to determine the prevalence of mealtime difficulties including, but not limited to, dysphagia. Mealtime difficulties, as assessed during a single meal observation of each resident, were documented in 87% of these individuals. Though 68% exhibited signs of dysphagia, 46% had poor oral intake, 35% had positioning...
. The neural control mechanism of pharyngeal constrictor (PC) activity of rabbits was examined in relation to vagal afferents. The average firing rate of single PC units of unilaterally vagotomized animals increased from 0.52 to 8.83 spikes/sec by cooling of the intact vagus nerve at 5°C. Time courses of increases in PC and diaphragmatic (Dia) activities were examined during the period from the start...
. Although previous reports have identified dysphagia as a potential complication of anterior cervical spine surgery (ACSS), current understanding of the nature and etiologies of ACSS-related dysphagia remains limited. The present study was undertaken to describe the patterns of dysphagia that may occur following ACSS. Thirteen patients who exhibited new-onset dysphagia following ACSS were studied...
. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between prevalence of aspiration as determined by videofluoroscopic evaluation and prevalence of the gag reflex and velar movement as determined by direct visual examination. One hundred adult patients underwent a videofluoroscopic evaluation of aspiration with either an esophagram (n = 31), upper gastrointestinal series (n =...
Abstract. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between prevalence of aspiration as determined by videofluoroscopic evaluation and prevalence of the gag reflex and velar movement as determined by direct visual examination. One hundred adult patients underwent a videofluoroscopic evaluation of aspiration with either an esophagram (n = 31), upper gastrointestinal series...
Abstract. The radiologic characteristics of pharyngo-esophageal (PE) dysfunction in Parkinsons disease (PD) are not well established, partly because most previous studies have examined only small numbers of patients. We administered a dynamic videofluoroscopic swallowing function study to 71 patients with idiopathic PD. Using the Hoehn and Yahr disease severity scale, patients were subdivided into...
. The coordination between swallowing and respiration is essential for safe feeding, and noninvasive feeding-respiratory instrumentation has been used in feeding and dysphagia assessment. Sometimes there are differences of interpretation of the data produced by the various respiratory monitoring techniques, some of which may be inappropriate for observing the rapid respiratory events associated with...
Abstract. The neural control mechanism of pharyngeal constrictor (PC) activity of rabbits was examined in relation to vagal afferents. The average firing rate of single PC units of unilaterally vagotomized animals increased from 0.52 to 8.83 spikes/sec by cooling of the intact vagus nerve at 5C. Time courses of increases in PC and diaphragmatic (Dia) activities were examined during the period from...
Abstract. Although previous reports have identified dysphagia as a potential complication of anterior cervical spine surgery (ACSS), current understanding of the nature and etiologies of ACSS-related dysphagia remains limited. The present study was undertaken to describe the patterns of dysphagia that may occur following ACSS. Thirteen patients who exhibited new-onset dysphagia following ACSS were...
. A mealtime screening tool was administered to 349 residents of a home for the aged to determine the prevalence of mealtime difficulties including, but not limited to, dysphagia. Mealtime difficulties, as assessed during a single meal observation of each resident, were documented in 87% of these individuals. Though 68% exhibited signs of dysphagia, 46% had poor oral intake, 35% had positioning problems,...
. The radiologic characteristics of pharyngo-esophageal (PE) dysfunction in Parkinson's disease (PD) are not well established, partly because most previous studies have examined only small numbers of patients. We administered a dynamic videofluoroscopic swallowing function study to 71 patients with idiopathic PD. Using the Hoehn and Yahr disease severity scale, patients were subdivided into those...
Abstract. The coordination between swallowing and respiration is essential for safe feeding, and noninvasive feeding-respiratory instrumentation has been used in feeding and dysphagia assessment. Sometimes there are differences of interpretation of the data produced by the various respiratory monitoring techniques, some of which may be inappropriate for observing the rapid respiratory events associated...
. The aims of this study were to analyze the following by audiorecording of swallows: (1) the influence on the volume and consistency of ingested substances on the audiosignal recorded during separate swallows; and (2) the characteristics of successive swallows during ingestion of 100 ml of the same substances to define deglutitive behaviors. Volunteers followed two protocols. Protocol (P) 1 comprised...
Abstract. The aims of this study were to analyze the following by audiorecording of swallows: (1) the influence on the volume and consistency of ingested substances on the audiosignal recorded during separate swallows; and (2) the characteristics of successive swallows during ingestion of 100 ml of the same substances to define deglutitive behaviors. Volunteers followed two protocols. Protocol (P)...
. This study was designed to investigate the ability of normal young adult volunteers to sensorially identify Newtonian fluids of specified viscosities. Twenty subjects, 10 men and 10 women between the ages of 18 and 29 years participated. Seven stimuli, consisting of combinations of corn syrup and water, with viscosities ranging from 2 to 2,240 centipoise (cP) were prepared and characterized using...
Abstract. Patients with hypopharyngeal and cervical esophageal strictures and fistulas caused by advanced malignancy, ingestion of caustic material, or following surgery or radiation therapy often suffer from marked dysphagia. In such cases the implantation of a Montgomery Salivary Bypass Tube (MSBT) can be an effective therapeutic option to bridge the fistulous tract or bypass a stenosis. Being able...
Abstract. Laryngeal adduction for swallowing chiefly involves contraction of the thyroarytenoid and lateral cricoarytenoid muscles to seal the glottic chink. Vocal cord elongation supplements closure through cricoarytenoid activation. Relaxation of the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle is also involved in the swallowing process. Recent interest has focused on stimulating the laryngeal nerves to protect...
Abstract. This study examines possible quantifiable causes of postdeglutition pharyngeal retention in the elderly. Manofluorography and computer processing of video images are performed. Retention in the valleculae and in the piriform sinuses is associated with a markedly reduced pharyngeal shortening, a low tongue driving force (TDF), and a diminished amplitude of the pharyngeal contraction. There...