Medical Microbiology and Immunology

Items from 1 to 9 out of 9 results

article

Targeting multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) by therapeutic vaccines

Satria A. Prabowo, Matthias I. Gröschel, Ed D. L. Schmidt, Alena Skrahina, more

Medical Microbiology and Immunology > 2013 > 202 > 2 > 95-104

Tuberculosis (TB) has scourged humankind for millennia, and latent infection affects nearly one-third of today’s world population. The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR)-TB is a major global threat and reflects treatment failure of drug-sensitive disease. MDR-TB management is a burden for patients and society; success rates are unacceptably low with prolonged treatment duration. Mycobacterium tuberculosis...

article

The enhancement of biofilm formation in Group B streptococcal isolates at vaginal pH

Yueh-Ren Ho, Chien-Ming Li, Chen-Hsiang Yu, Yuh-Jyh Lin, more

Medical Microbiology and Immunology > 2013 > 202 > 2 > 105-115

Group B streptococcus (GBS) is a common asymptomatic colonizer in acidic vagina of pregnant women and can transmit to newborns, causing neonatal pneumonia and meningitis. Biofilm formation is often associated with bacterial colonization and pathogenesis. Little is known about GBS biofilm and the effect of environmental stimuli on their growth along with biofilm formation. The objective of this study...

article

Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms perturb wound resolution and antibiotic tolerance in diabetic mice

Chase Watters, Katrina DeLeon, Urvish Trivedi, John A. Griswold, more

Medical Microbiology and Immunology > 2013 > 202 > 2 > 131-141

Diabetic patients are more susceptible to the development of chronic wounds than non-diabetics. The impaired healing properties of these wounds, which often develop debilitating bacterial infections, significantly increase the rate of lower extremity amputation in diabetic patients. We hypothesize that bacterial biofilms, or sessile communities of bacteria that reside in a complex matrix of exopolymeric...

article

Infection of human brain vascular pericytes (HBVPs) by Bartonella henselae

Mrudula Varanat, Ricardo G. Maggi, Keith E. Linder, Edward B. Breitschwerdt

Medical Microbiology and Immunology > 2013 > 202 > 2 > 143-151

Angiogenesis is an important physiological and pathological process. Bartonella is the only genus of bacteria known to induce pathological angiogenesis in the mammalian host. Bartonella-induced angiogenesis leads to the formation of vascular tumors including verruga peruana and bacillary angiomatosis. The mechanism of Bartonella-induced angiogenesis is not completely understood. Pericytes, along with...

article

Recombinant GroEL enhances protective antigen-mediated protection against Bacillus anthracis spore challenge

Kanchan Sinha, Rakesh Bhatnagar

Medical Microbiology and Immunology > 2013 > 202 > 2 > 153-165

The fatal inhalation infection caused by Bacillus anthracis results from a complex pathogenic cycle involving release of toxins by bacteria that germinate from spores. Currently available vaccines against anthrax consist of protective antigen (PA), one of the anthrax toxin components. However, these PA-based vaccines are only partially protective against spore challenge in mice. This shows that exclusive...

article

Single oral administration of the novel CXCR4 antagonist, KRH-3955, induces an efficient and long-lasting increase of white blood cell count in normal macaques, and prevents CD4 depletion in SHIV-infected macaques: a preliminary study

Tadashi Nakasone, Sei Kumakura, Michiko Yamamoto, Tsutomu Murakami, more

Medical Microbiology and Immunology > 2013 > 202 > 2 > 175-182

We evaluated the long-term effects of the single oral administration of a new CXCR4 antagonist, KRH-3955, on elevation of white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil and lymphocyte counts in normal cynomolgus monkeys. In the monkeys treated with 0, 2, 20, 200 mg/kg of the compound, WBC, neutrophil and lymphocyte counts increased dramatically at 2 days after treatment. This effect was dose-dependent, and these...

article

Impact of HIV-1 replication on immunological evolution during long-term dual-boosted protease inhibitor therapy

Christoph Stephan, Valentin Bartha, Eva Herrmann, Nils Hentig, more

Medical Microbiology and Immunology > 2013 > 202 > 2 > 117-124

To explore CD4-cell and viral evolution in relation to different levels of HIV-1 replication, as observed during protease inhibitor (PI)-based antiretroviral therapy. Adult HIV-1 infected cohort patients, receiving historical salvage therapy with daily doses of saquinavir (2,000 mg), ritonavir (200 mg) and either lopinavir (800 mg) or atazanavir (300 mg) for >36 weeks were retrospectively analysed...

article

Essential role of JAK/STAT pathway in the induction of cell cycle arrest in macrophages infected with periodontopathic bacterium Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans

Toshinori Okinaga, Wataru Ariyoshi, Sumio Akifusa, Tatsuji Nishihara

Medical Microbiology and Immunology > 2013 > 202 > 2 > 167-174

In the present study, phosphorylation of signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) was found to be important in the induction of G1 cell cycle arrest in murine macrophages infected with Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. First, we focused on suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) as a negative regulator of the JAK/STAT pathway. Flow cytometric analysis showed that A. actinomycetemcomitans...

article

“Trivalent influenza vaccination of healthy adults 3 years after the onset of swine-origin H1N1 pandemic: restricted immunogenicity of the new A/H1N1v constituent?”

R. Allwinn, M. Bickel, C. Lassmann, S. Wicker, more

Medical Microbiology and Immunology > 2013 > 202 > 2 > 125-130

Influenza vaccination is advised annually to reduce the burden of influenza disease. For sufficient vaccine campaigns also a continuous adoption of influenza vaccines are necessary, due to particularly high genetic variability of influenza A virus. Therefore, we evaluate the effectiveness of the trivalent influenza vaccine 2010/2011, against influenza A (H1N1, H3N2) and influenza B. Immune response...

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202
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BIOFILM (2)
PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA (1)
AFM (1)
ANTHRAX (1)
ANTIMICROBIAL TOLERANCE (1)
BACTERIA (1)
BACTERIAL CLEARANCE (1)
BLOOD VESSELS (1)
CELL CYCLE (1)
CHRONIC WOUNDS (1)
CXCR4 ANTAGONIST (1)
CYTOKINES (1)
DIABETES (1)
DRUG-RESISTANT (1)
GROEL (1)
GROUP B STREPTOCOCCUS (1)
HEAT-SHOCK PROTEIN (1)
HEMAGGLUTINATION INHIBITION ASSAY (1)
HIGH INFLUENZA B AND A/H3N2 SEROPOSITIVITY RATES (1)
HIV (1)
IMMUNOLOGICAL RECOVERY (1)
IMMUNOLOGY (1)
IMMUNOTHERAPY (1)
INSULIN (1)
JAK/STAT PATHWAY (1)
LOW-LEVEL REPLICATION (1)
M9YE MEDIUM (1)
MACROPHAGE (1)
PERICYTE COVERAGE (1)
PERIODONTOPATHIC BACTERIA (1)
PERSISTENT BACTERIA (1)
PROTEASE INHIBITOR RESISTANCE (1)
PROTEASE INHIBITOR THERAPY (1)
RESTRICTED IMMUNE RESPONSE TO H1N1V (1)
REVIEW (1)
SHIV (1)
SPORE UPTAKE (1)
SURVIVAL (1)
THERAPEUTIC VACCINE (1)
TRIVALENT INFLUENZA VACCINATION (1)
TUBERCULOSIS (1)
VAGINAL PH (1)
VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR (1)
VIRUS BLIP (1)
WBC MOBILIZATION (1)
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Medical Microbiology and Immunology

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