Radiation and Environmental Biophysics

article

Immobilization as a technical possibility for long-term storage of bacterial biosensors

Kyeong Seo Park, Christa Baumstark-Khan, Petra Rettberg, Gerda Horneck, more

Radiation and Environmental Biophysics > 2005 > 44 > 1 > 69-71

For applications in field experiments, the recombinant strain Salmonella typhimurium TA1535 was immobilized to permit its immediate utilization after long storage periods. Salmonella typhimurium TA1535 cells contain the plasmid that has an inducible SOS promoter fused to a promoterless luxCDABFE operon from Photobacterium leiognathi. The induction of bioluminescence occurs in the presence of the DNA-damaging...

article

Low-dose ionizing radiation: induction of differential intracellular signalling possibly affecting intercellular communication

James E. Trosko, Chia-Cheng Chang, Brad L. Upham, Mei-Hui Tai

Radiation and Environmental Biophysics > 2005 > 44 > 1 > 3-9

Given the complexity of the carcinogenic process and the lack of any mechanistic understanding of how ionizing radiation at low-level exposures affects the multistage, multimechanism processes of carcinogenesis, it is imperative that concepts and paradigms be reexamined when extrapolating from high dose to low dose. Any health effect directly linked to low-dose radiation exposure must have molecular/biochemical...

article

Decrease of total activity with time at long distances from a nuclear accident or explosion

Josef Dolejs

Radiation and Environmental Biophysics > 2005 > 44 > 1 > 41-49

Two data groups were analyzed: (1) the exposure rate in the former Czechoslovakia after the Chernobyl accident in 1986, and (2) the decrease of beta activity of an atmospheric fallout sample taken in Bratislava during 24 h on 30 May 1965. Both quantities decreased with the first power of time. This pattern of decrease is explained by applying the same mathematical formalism as is also used to describe...

article

14th Biennial Topical Meeting

Radiation and Environmental Biophysics > 2005 > 44 > 1 > 73-74

article

Through changing times

Anna A. Friedl, Werner Rühm

Radiation and Environmental Biophysics > 2005 > 44 > 1 > 1-1

article

Biokinetic modeling of uranium in man after injection and ingestion

Wei Bo Li, Paul Roth, Wolfgang Wahl, Uwe Oeh, more

Radiation and Environmental Biophysics > 2005 > 44 > 1 > 29-40

Uranium is a naturally occurring primordial radioactive element. Small amounts found in air, water, and food are regularly consumed and inhaled by humans. Even the military, medical, and industrial use of depleted uranium can affect humans. There is an appreciable retention of incorporated uranium in skeleton, kidneys, and liver, and a review of respective effective dose coefficients has been given...

article

Is there reliable experimental evidence for different dicentric yields in human lymphocytes produced by mammography X-rays free-in-air and within a phantom?

L. Büermann, M. Krumrey, M. Haney, E. Schmid

Radiation and Environmental Biophysics > 2005 > 44 > 1 > 17-22

We examined the production of dicentrics in human lymphocytes irradiated with 29 kV X-rays to a depth of 13.5 mm in a PMMA phantom. For these irradiation conditions, which are appropriate for the diagnostic application of mammography X-rays, a coefficient α of (5.88±0.66)×10⁻² Gy⁻¹ of the linear quadratic dose–response relationship was determined. This value does not differ significantly from the...

article

Physiological parameters that affect the transfer of radiocaesium to ruminants

L. Skuterud, E. Gaare, E. Steinnes, K. Hove

Radiation and Environmental Biophysics > 2005 > 44 > 1 > 11-15

Recently there has been a renewed interest in biological scaling relationships between parameters, such as those between, for example, body mass, dry matter intake and biological half-times of radionuclides that are useful in predicting the transfer of radiocaesium to different animal species, particularly to wild animals. However, there is still a considerable unexplained variability in transfer...

article

Chromosomal aberrations in peripheral lymphocytes of patients treated with radium-224 for ankylosing spondylitis

G. Stephan, W. U. Kampen, D. Noßke, H. Roos

Radiation and Environmental Biophysics > 2005 > 44 > 1 > 23-28

The aim of this study was to investigate the in vivo frequency of chromosomal aberrations (primarily dicentric chromosomes and chromatid breaks) potentially induced by ²²⁴Ra α-radiation in peripheral lymphocytes. The study was designed to serve as a cytogenetic analysis along with the therapeutic procedure of ankylosing spondylitis patients who were undergoing a treatment with ²²⁴Ra-chloride. The...

article

Post-continuous whole body exposure of rabbits to 650 MHz electromagnetic fields: effects on liver, spleen, and brain

Patrizia Tarantino, Remigio Lanubile, Giovanni Lacalandra, Luigi Abbro, more

Radiation and Environmental Biophysics > 2005 > 44 > 1 > 51-59

This study deals with the effects of post (12 or 18 months) whole body continuous (2 years) exposure of rabbits to 650 MHz electromagnetic fields (EMF) that are characteristic of those produced by broadcasting stations, on body weight and body mass, on the morphology of liver, spleen and brain, and on apoptosis rates and glycogen distribution in the liver. Two groups of rabbits were continuously exposed...

article

Bone cancer risk in mice exposed to ²²⁴Ra: protraction effects from promotion

W. F. Heidenreich, W. A. Müller, H. G. Paretzke, M. Rosemann

Radiation and Environmental Biophysics > 2005 > 44 > 1 > 61-67

This paper analyzes data for the osteosarcoma incidence in life-time experiments of ²²⁴Ra injected mice with respect to the importance of initiating and promoting action of ionizing high LET-radiation. This was done with the biologically motivated two step clonal expansion (TSCE) model of tumor induction. Experimentally derived osteosarcoma incidence in 1,194 mice following exposure to ²²⁴Ra with...

article

Interaction of smoking and radon in rats: a biologically based mechanistic model

W. F. Heidenreich, J. P. Morlier, G. Monchaux

Radiation and Environmental Biophysics > 2005 > 44 > 2 > 145-148

Data on rats exposed to cigarette smoke before or after exposure to radon are used to estimate smoke-dependent parameters of the biologically based two-stage clonal expansion model. The baseline parameters and the action of radon acting on initiation and promotion were fixed based on earlier work. Cigarette smoke acting on transformation and inducing a reduction of the radon dose to the target cells...

article

Radon als Heilmittel. Therapeutische Wirksamkeit, biologischer Wirkungsmechanismus und vergleichende Risikobewertung (Radon therapy. Therapeutic effects, biological mechanism, and relative risk assessment)

Klaus-Rüdiger Trott

Radiation and Environmental Biophysics > 2005 > 44 > 2 > 157-158

article

Comment on “Studies of radon-exposed miner cohorts using a biologically based model: comparison of current Czech and French data with historic data from China and Colorado” by W.F. Heidenreich, L. Tomasek, A. Rogel, D. Laurier, M. Tirmarche (2004) Radiat Environ Biophys 43:247-256, and “Radon-induced lung cancer in French and Czech miner cohorts described with a two-mutation cancer model” by M.J.P. Brugmans, S.M. Rispens, H. Bijwaard, D. Laurier, A. Rogel, L. Tomasek, M. Tirmarche (2004) Radiat Environ Biophys 43:153–163

Dominique Laurier, Agnès Rogel, Ladislav Tomasek, Margot Tirmarche

Radiation and Environmental Biophysics > 2005 > 44 > 2 > 155-156

article

Transfer of ⁸⁵Sr and ¹³⁴Cs from diet to reindeer foetuses and milk

L. Skuterud, H. Gjøstein, Ø. Holand, B. Salbu, more

Radiation and Environmental Biophysics > 2005 > 44 > 2 > 107-117

Sr-85 and ¹³⁴Cs in aqueous solution of the chlorides were administered daily to four pregnant reindeer during the last part of gestation. Radionuclide concentrations were determined in calves sacrificed at birth, and secretion of the nuclides was measured in milk. Although the gastrointestinal absorption of ⁸⁵Sr was low, an apparently higher transfer of the absorbed fraction of ⁸⁵Sr than ¹³⁴Cs from...

article

Response to γ-irradiation in V79 cells conditioned by repeated treatment with low doses of hydrogen peroxide

Koyeli Bose Girigoswami, Rita Ghosh

Radiation and Environmental Biophysics > 2005 > 44 > 2 > 131-137

Chinese hamster V79 cells were conditioned by repeated treatment with low doses of hydrogen peroxide. After this treatment, the conditioned cells were compared to parental V79 cells with regard to different endpoints. It was found that, compared to parental cells, the conditioned cells tolerated low serum concentrations better, they suffered from higher levels of aneuploidy, and they showed enhanced...

article

The Hiroshima thermal-neutron discrepancy for ³⁶Cl at large distances. Part I: New ³⁶Cl measurements in granite samples exposed to A-bomb neutrons

Thomas Huber, Werner Rühm, Kazuo Kato, Stephen D. Egbert, more

Radiation and Environmental Biophysics > 2005 > 44 > 2 > 75-86

The long-lived radioisotope ³⁶Cl (half-life: 301,000 years) was measured in granite samples exposed to A-bomb neutrons at distances from 94 to 1,591 m from the hypocenter in Hiroshima, by means of accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). Measured ³⁶Cl/Cl ratios decrease from 1.6×10⁻¹⁰ close to the hypocenter to about 1–2×10⁻¹³, at a distance of 1,300 m from the hypocenter. At this distance and beyond...

article

Response to the comment on “Studies of radon-exposed miner cohorts using a biologically based model: comparison of current Czech and French data with historic data from China and Colorado” by W.F. Heidenreich, L. Tomášek, A. Rogel, D. Laurier, M. Tirmarche (2004) Radiat Environ Biophys 43:247–256

W. F. Heidenreich

Radiation and Environmental Biophysics > 2005 > 44 > 2 > 153-154

article

Comment on “Studies of radon-exposed miner cohorts using a biologically based model: comparison of current Czech and French data with historic data from China and Colorado” by W.F. Heidenreich, L. Tomàšek, A. Rogel, D. Laurier and M. Tirmarche (2004) Radiat Environ Biophys 43:247–256

Harmen Bijwaard, Marco J. P. Brugmans, Sietse M. Rispens

Radiation and Environmental Biophysics > 2005 > 44 > 2 > 149-151

article

Activation of NF-κB in bone marrow cells of BALB/cJ mice following exposure in vivo to low doses of ¹³⁷Cs γ-rays

Kanokporn Noy Rithidech, Montree Tungjai, Edgar Arbab, Sanford R. Simon

Radiation and Environmental Biophysics > 2005 > 44 > 2 > 139-143

We measured levels of NF-κB activation in bone marrow (BM) cells collected at 1 and 4 h from male BALB/cJ mice (10–12 weeks old) given a whole body dose of 0, 0.05, 0.1 and 1 Gy of ¹³⁷Cs γ-rays (at the dose rate of 0.75 Gy/min). At each harvest time-point, BM cells were collected from five mice per dose of radiation. We used two methods for detecting NF-κB activation (1) the NF-κB/p65 transcription...

INFONA - science communication portal

Radiation and Environmental Biophysics

Immobilization as a technical possibility for long-term storage of bacterial biosensors

Low-dose ionizing radiation: induction of differential intracellular signalling possibly affecting intercellular communication

Decrease of total activity with time at long distances from a nuclear accident or explosion

14th Biennial Topical Meeting

Through changing times

Biokinetic modeling of uranium in man after injection and ingestion

Is there reliable experimental evidence for different dicentric yields in human lymphocytes produced by mammography X-rays free-in-air and within a phantom?

Physiological parameters that affect the transfer of radiocaesium to ruminants

Chromosomal aberrations in peripheral lymphocytes of patients treated with radium-224 for ankylosing spondylitis

Post-continuous whole body exposure of rabbits to 650 MHz electromagnetic fields: effects on liver, spleen, and brain

Bone cancer risk in mice exposed to ²²⁴Ra: protraction effects from promotion

Interaction of smoking and radon in rats: a biologically based mechanistic model

Radon als Heilmittel. Therapeutische Wirksamkeit, biologischer Wirkungsmechanismus und vergleichende Risikobewertung (Radon therapy. Therapeutic effects, biological mechanism, and relative risk assessment)

Transfer of ⁸⁵Sr and ¹³⁴Cs from diet to reindeer foetuses and milk

Response to γ-irradiation in V79 cells conditioned by repeated treatment with low doses of hydrogen peroxide

The Hiroshima thermal-neutron discrepancy for ³⁶Cl at large distances. Part I: New ³⁶Cl measurements in granite samples exposed to A-bomb neutrons

Comment on “Studies of radon-exposed miner cohorts using a biologically based model: comparison of current Czech and French data with historic data from China and Colorado” by W.F. Heidenreich, L. Tomàšek, A. Rogel, D. Laurier and M. Tirmarche (2004) Radiat Environ Biophys 43:247–256

Activation of NF-κB in bone marrow cells of BALB/cJ mice following exposure in vivo to low doses of ¹³⁷Cs γ-rays

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