Seminars in Immunopathology

article

The dynamic interdependence of amebiasis, innate immunity, and undernutrition

Hans P. Verkerke, William A. Petri, Chelsea S. Marie

Seminars in Immunopathology > 2012 > 34 > 6 > 771-785

Entamoeba histolytica, the protozoan parasite that causes amebic dysentery, greatly contributes to disease burden in the developing world. Efforts to exhaustively characterize the pathogenesis of amebiasis have increased our understanding of the dynamic host–parasite interaction and the process by which E. histolytica trophozoites transition from gut commensals to invaders of the intestinal epithelium...

article

Th2 responses in schistosomiasis

Keke Fairfax, Marcia Nascimento, Stanley Ching-Cheng Huang, Bart Everts, more

Seminars in Immunopathology > 2012 > 34 > 6 > 863-871

Schistosomiasis is caused by infection with parasitic flatworms of the genus Schistosoma. It is characterized by the development of strong CD4⁺ T cell and B cell responses that, during primary infection, fail to eliminate the parasites, but in collaboration with cells of the innate immune system allow survival in the face of ongoing tissue damage caused by the lodging of parasite eggs in the liver...

article

Current understanding of immunity to Trypanosoma cruzi infection and pathogenesis of Chagas disease

Fabiana S. Machado, Walderez O. Dutra, Lisia Esper, Kenneth J. Gollob, more

Seminars in Immunopathology > 2012 > 34 > 6 > 753-770

Chagas disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi remains an important neglected tropical disease and a cause of significant morbidity and mortality. No longer confined to endemic areas of Latin America, it is now found in non-endemic areas due to immigration. The parasite may persist in any tissue, but in recent years, there has been increased recognition of adipose tissue both as an early target of infection...

article

Immunopathogenesis of lymphatic filarial disease

Subash Babu, Thomas B. Nutman

Seminars in Immunopathology > 2012 > 34 > 6 > 847-861

Although two thirds of the 120 million people infected with lymph-dwelling filarial parasites have subclinical infections, ∼40 million have lymphedema and/or other pathologic manifestations including hydroceles (and other forms of urogenital disease), episodic adenolymphangitis, tropical pulmonary eosinophilia, lymphedema, and (in its most severe form) elephantiasis. Adult filarial worms reside in...

article

The gamut of host immune responses and immunopathology in parasitic diseases caused by protozoa and helminths: human perspective and experimental models

Miguel J. Stadecker

Seminars in Immunopathology > 2012 > 34 > 6 > 733-734

This article is a contribution to the special issue on Immunoparasitology - Guest Editor: Miguel Stadecker

article

Helminth infection in populations undergoing epidemiological transition: a friend or foe?

Aprilianto Eddy Wiria, Yenny Djuardi, Taniawati Supali, Erliyani Sartono, more

Seminars in Immunopathology > 2012 > 34 > 6 > 889-901

Helminth infections are highly prevalent in developing countries, especially in rural areas. With gradual development, there is a transition from living conditions that are dominated by infection, poor sanitation, manual labor, and traditional diet to a situation where burden of infections is reduced, infrastructure is improved, sedentary lifestyle dominates, and processed food forms a large proportion...

article

The skin: where malaria infection and the host immune response begin

Photini Sinnis, Fidel Zavala

Seminars in Immunopathology > 2012 > 34 > 6 > 787-792

Infection by malaria parasites begins with the inoculation of sporozoites into the skin of the host. The early events following sporozoite deposition in the dermis are critical for both the establishment of malaria infection and for the induction of protective immune responses. The initial sporozoite inoculum is generally low, and only a small percentage of these sporozoites successfully reach the...

article

Trichuris muris: a model of gastrointestinal parasite infection

Joanna E. Klementowicz, Mark A. Travis, Richard K. Grencis

Seminars in Immunopathology > 2012 > 34 > 6 > 815-828

Infection with soil-transmitted gastrointestinal parasites, such as Trichuris trichiura, affects more than a billion people worldwide, causing significant morbidity and health problems especially in poverty-stricken developing countries. Despite extensive research, the role of the immune system in triggering parasite expulsion is incompletely understood which hinders the development of anti-parasite...

article

Induction and regulation of pathogenic Th17 cell responses in schistosomiasis

Bridget M. Larkin, Patrick M. Smith, Holly E. Ponichtera, Mara G. Shainheit, more

Seminars in Immunopathology > 2012 > 34 > 6 > 873-888

Schistosomiasis is a major tropical disease caused by trematode helminths in which the host mounts a pathogenic immune response against tissue-trapped parasite eggs. The immunopathology consists of egg antigen-specific CD4 T cell-mediated granulomatous inflammation that varies greatly in magnitude in humans and among mouse strains in an experimental model. New evidence, covered in this review, intimately...

article

Immune response and immunopathology during toxoplasmosis

Christopher D. Dupont, David A. Christian, Christopher A. Hunter

Seminars in Immunopathology > 2012 > 34 > 6 > 793-813

Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite of medical and veterinary significance that is able to infect any warm-blooded vertebrate host. In addition to its importance to public health, several inherent features of the biology of T. gondii have made it an important model organism to study host–pathogen interactions. One factor is the genetic tractability of the parasite, which allows studies on the...

article

Immunopathogenesis of non-healing American cutaneous leishmaniasis and progressive visceral leishmaniasis

Lynn Soong, Calvin A. Henard, Peter C. Melby

Seminars in Immunopathology > 2012 > 34 > 6 > 735-751

The outcomes of Leishmania infection are determined by host immune and nutrition status, parasite species, and co-infection with other pathogens. While subclinical infection and self-healing cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) are common, uncontrolled parasite replication can lead to non-healing local lesions or visceral leishmaniasis (VL). It is known that infection control requires Th1-differentiation...

article

Immunity to the model intestinal helminth parasite Heligmosomoides polygyrus

Lisa A. Reynolds, Kara J. Filbey, Rick M. Maizels

Seminars in Immunopathology > 2012 > 34 > 6 > 829-846

Heligmosomoides polygyrus is a natural intestinal parasite of mice, which offers an excellent model of the immunology of gastrointestinal helminth infections of humans and livestock. It is able to establish long-term chronic infections in many strains of mice, exerting potent immunomodulatory effects that dampen both protective immunity and bystander reactions to allergens and autoantigens. Immunity...

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Seminars in Immunopathology

The dynamic interdependence of amebiasis, innate immunity, and undernutrition

Th2 responses in schistosomiasis

Current understanding of immunity to Trypanosoma cruzi infection and pathogenesis of Chagas disease

Immunopathogenesis of lymphatic filarial disease

The gamut of host immune responses and immunopathology in parasitic diseases caused by protozoa and helminths: human perspective and experimental models

Helminth infection in populations undergoing epidemiological transition: a friend or foe?

The skin: where malaria infection and the host immune response begin

Trichuris muris: a model of gastrointestinal parasite infection

Induction and regulation of pathogenic Th17 cell responses in schistosomiasis

Immune response and immunopathology during toxoplasmosis

Immunopathogenesis of non-healing American cutaneous leishmaniasis and progressive visceral leishmaniasis

Immunity to the model intestinal helminth parasite Heligmosomoides polygyrus

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