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Chemical messengers are the primary mode of intracolony communication in the majority of social insect species. Chemically transmitted information plays a major role in nestmate recognition and kin recognition. Physical and behavioral castes often differ in chemical signature, and queen effects can be significant regulators of behavior and reproduction. Chemical messengers themselves differ in molecular...
Extreme polyandry is a derived mating strategy that is uncommon in the Hymenoptera, but occurs in ecologically dominant taxa such as honey bees, leaf-cutter ants, and army ants. Honey bee queens that mate with many males confer a selective advantage to their colonies in part by generating genetically diverse foraging workforces that are more active than those of colonies with singly mated queens....
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