Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences

Items from 1 to 13 out of 13 results

article

Nuclear bile acid signaling through the farnesoid X receptor

Claire Mazuy, Audrey Helleboid, Bart Staels, Philippe Lefebvre

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences > 2015 > 72 > 9 > 1631-1650

Bile acids (BAs) are amphipathic molecules produced from cholesterol by the liver. Expelled from the gallbladder upon meal ingestion, BAs serve as fat solubilizers in the intestine. BAs are reabsorbed in the ileum and return via the portal vein to the liver where, together with nutrients, they provide signals to coordinate metabolic responses. BAs act on energy and metabolic homeostasis through the...

article

Parkin-mediated K63-polyubiquitination targets ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 for degradation by the autophagy-lysosome system

Jeanne E. McKeon, Di Sha, Lian Li, Lih-Shen Chin

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences > 2015 > 72 > 9 > 1811-1824

Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) is a key neuronal deubiquitinating enzyme which is mutated in Parkinson disease (PD) and in childhood-onset neurodegenerative disorder with optic atrophy. Furthermore, reduced UCH-L1 protein levels are associated with a number of neurodegenerative diseases, whereas up-regulation of UCH-L1 protein expression is found in multiple types of cancer. However, very...

article

Autophagy and cell reprogramming

Shuo Wang, Pengyan Xia, Markus Rehm, Zusen Fan

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences > 2015 > 72 > 9 > 1699-1713

Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved process that degrades cytoplasmic components, thus contributing to cell survival and tissue homeostasis. Recent studies have demonstrated that autophagy maintains stem cells in relatively undifferentiated states (stemness) and also contributes to differentiation processes. Autophagy likewise plays a crucial role in somatic cell reprogramming, a finely regulated...

article

A nuclear odyssey: fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) as a regulator of nuclear homeostasis in the nervous system

Benjamin Förthmann, Claudia Grothe, Peter Claus

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences > 2015 > 72 > 9 > 1651-1662

Nuclear localization of classical growth factors is a well-known phenomenon but still remains a molecular and cellular conundrum. Fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) is an excellent example of a protein which functions as an extracellular molecule involved in canonical receptor tyrosine kinase signaling as well as displaying intracellular functions. Paracrine and nuclear functions are two important...

article

From microRNA target validation to therapy: lessons learned from studies on BDNF

Kärt Varendi, Kert Mätlik, Jaan-Olle Andressoo

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences > 2015 > 72 > 9 > 1779-1794

During the past decade, the identification of microRNA (miR) targets has become common laboratory practice, and various strategies are now used to detect interactions between miRs and their mRNA targets. However, the current lack of a standardized identification process often leads to incomplete and/or conflicting results. Here, we review the problems most commonly encountered when verifying miR–mRNA...

article

Pax6 controls centriole maturation in cortical progenitors through Odf2

Marco A. Tylkowski, Kefei Yang, Sigrid Hoyer-Fender, Anastassia Stoykova

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences > 2015 > 72 > 9 > 1795-1809

Cortical glutamatergic neurons are generated by radial glial cells (RGCs), specified by the expression of transcription factor (TF) Pax6, in the germinative zones of the dorsal telencephalon. Here, we demonstrate that Pax6 regulates the structural assembly of the interphase centrosomes. In the cortex of the Pax6-deficient Small eye ( Sey / Sey ) mutant, we...

article

New paradigms in the repair of oxidative damage in human genome: mechanisms ensuring repair of mutagenic base lesions during replication and involvement of accessory proteins

Arijit Dutta, Chunying Yang, Shiladitya Sengupta, Sankar Mitra, more

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences > 2015 > 72 > 9 > 1679-1698

Oxidized bases in the mammalian genome, which are invariably mutagenic due to their mispairing property, are continuously induced by endogenous reactive oxygen species and more abundantly after oxidative stress. Unlike bulky base adducts induced by UV and other environmental mutagens in the genome that block replicative DNA polymerases, oxidatively damaged bases such as 5-hydroxyuracil, produced by...

article

c-kit ⁺ cells: the tell-tale heart of cardiac regeneration?

Patrizia Nigro, Gianluca Lorenzo Perrucci, Aoife Gowran, Marco Zanobini, more

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences > 2015 > 72 > 9 > 1725-1740

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the developed world. Although ongoing therapeutic strategies ameliorate symptoms and prolong life for patients with cardiovascular diseases, they do not solve the critical issue related to the loss of cardiac tissue. Accordingly, stem/progenitor cell therapy has emerged as a paramount approach for cardiac repair and regeneration...

article

CXCL12/CXCR4 axis in the pathogenesis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL): a possible therapeutic target

Aparecida Lourdes Perim, Marla Karine Amarante, Roberta Losi Guembarovski, Carlos Eduardo Coral Oliveira, more

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences > 2015 > 72 > 9 > 1715-1723

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the commonest childhood malignancy, accounting for approximately 80 % of leukemia in the pediatric group, and its etiology is unknown. This neoplasia is characterized by male predominance, high-risk features and poor outcome, mainly in recurrence patients and adults. In recent years, advances in the success of childhood ALL treatment were verified, and the rate...

article

Stem cell activation in skeletal muscle regeneration

Xin Fu, Huating Wang, Ping Hu

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences > 2015 > 72 > 9 > 1663-1677

Muscle stem cell (satellite cell) activation post muscle injury is a transient and critical step in muscle regeneration. It is regulated by physiological cues, signaling molecules, and epigenetic regulatory factors. The mechanisms that coherently turn on the complex activation process shortly after trauma are just beginning to be illuminated. In this review, we will discuss the current knowledge of...

article

Molecular basis of embryonic stem cell self-renewal: from signaling pathways to pluripotency network

Guanyi Huang, Shoudong Ye, Xingliang Zhou, Dahai Liu, more

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences > 2015 > 72 > 9 > 1741-1757

Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) can be maintained in culture indefinitely while retaining the capacity to generate any type of cell in the body, and therefore not only hold great promise for tissue repair and regeneration, but also provide a powerful tool for modeling human disease and understanding biological development. In order to fulfill the full potential of ESCs, it is critical to understand how...

article

Metabolic restructuring and cell fate conversion

Alessandro Prigione, María Victoria Ruiz-Pérez, Raul Bukowiecki, James Adjaye

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences > 2015 > 72 > 9 > 1759-1777

Accumulating evidence implicates mitochondrial and metabolic pathways in the establishment of pluripotency, as well as in the control of proliferation and differentiation programs. From classic studies in mouse embryos to the latest findings in adult stem cells, human embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells, an increasing number of evidence suggests that mitochondrial and metabolic-related processes...

article

Topoisomerase II inhibition suppresses the proliferation of telomerase-negative cancers

Meng-Hsun Hsieh, Cheng-Hui Tsai, Chuan-Chuan Lin, Tsai-Kun Li, more

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences > 2015 > 72 > 9 > 1825-1837

Telomere maintenance is required for chromosome stability, and telomeres are typically elongated by telomerase following DNA replication. In both tumor and yeast cells that lack telomerase, telomeres are maintained via an alternative recombination mechanism. Previous studies have indicated that yeast Sgs1 and Top3 may work together to remove highly negative supercoils that are generated from...

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9
Volume:
72
Year:
2015

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Keywords

AUTOPHAGY (2)
METABOLISM (2)
PLURIPOTENCY (2)
STEM CELLS (2)
C-KIT + CELLS (1)
3′UTR (1)
ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA (1)
ALTERNATIVE LENGTHENING OF TELOMERES (1)
ANTAGOMIRS (1)
BASE EXCISION REPAIR (1)
BDNF (1)
BILE ACIDS (1)
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE (1)
CELL REPROGRAMMING (1)
CELL THERAPY (1)
CENTRIOLE STRUCTURE (1)
CHROMATIN (1)
CXCL12 (1)
CXCR4 (1)
DIFFERENTIATION (1)
DNA GLYCOSYLASE (1)
DNA METHYLATION (1)
EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS (1)
EPIGENETICS (1)
FGF SIGNALING (1)
FXR (1)
GROWTH FACTORS (1)
HOMEOSTASIS (1)
ICRF-193 (1)
IPSCS (1)
ISOFORMS (1)
LIF/STAT3 SIGNALING PATHWAY (1)
LUCIFERASE ASSAY (1)
LYSINE 63-LINKED POLYUBIQUITINATION (1)
LYSOSOME (1)
MICRORNA (1)
MITOCHONDRIA (1)
MYOCARDIAL REGENERATION (1)
NEIL1 (1)
NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR (1)
NON-CANONICAL PROTEINS (1)
NON-CODING RNA (1)
NUCLEAR PROTEIN (1)
NUCLEAR RECEPTOR (1)
OXIDIZED DNA BASES (1)
PARKINSONISM (1)
PARKINSON´S DISEASE (1)
PRE-REPLICATIVE REPAIR OF OXIDIZED BASES (1)
QUIESCENT STEM CELLS (1)
REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES (1)
RECOMBINATION (1)
REPROGRAMMING (1)
RNA SECONDARY STRUCTURE (1)
SATELLITE CELLS (1)
SELF-RENEWAL (1)
SINGLE STRAND BREAK REPAIR (1)
SMN (1)
SPINAL MUSCULAR ATROPHY (SMA) (1)
SPLICING (1)
STEM CELL SELF-RENEWAL (1)
TELOMERE (1)
THERAPEUTIC TARGET (1)
TRANSCRIPTIONAL CONTROL (1)
UBIQUITIN (1)
WNT/Β-CATENIN SIGNALING PATHWAY (1)
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