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The tumor microenvironment plays a critical role in the survival, growth, invasion, and metastasis of solid tumors. However, the mechanisms by which it influences these aspects of tumor progression remain incompletely characterized. In this study, we show that human glioblastoma cells secrete soluble factors that alter the phenotype and cytokine secretion profile of both macrophages and mesenchymal...
Hyperammonemia, a well-known complication of liver failure causing encephalopathy, has rarely been reported as a complication of multiple myeloma. We report four additional cases of hyperammonemia in patients with treatment refractory multiple myeloma. In these cases, we found that hyperammonemia remains a morbid complication of resistant disease without directed myeloma therapy. Our brief review...
N-cadherin is an adhesion protein, which is important for intercellular interaction. It is involved in cell migration and motility during embryonic development, neuronal synapsis and cancer metastasis. There are several signaling cascades affected by N-cadherin including TGF-β, Rho family. N-cadherin is associated at the cytoplasmic domain with catenins (α, β, γ and p120) to facilitate metastasis...