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Education is a key to understand and accept innovative technology, like genetic engineering. Depending on the level of education 8 to 42 % of Polish people are interested in GMO, but 74% are not satisfied with available sources of information concerning this issue.
Every discipline has its own special terms regarded to be the “difficult” ones. Very often these are part of the achievements of many generations of scholars, in the same time being components of colloquial language. Such an example for ethnology would be „folk culture”. The term is popularly understood as idealized pictures of Polish camp’s social life. For specialists, though, the term is very wide-ranging,...
Genetically modified plants are critically important for the future bioeconomy in Poland as well as in United Europe. We observe discussions and polemics all around Europe concerning potential risk related to the effects of GM plants, particularly connected with environment, receiving organisms and long term effects. Any reproducible scientific data describing negative effects are available. However,...
Thesis of the article: Christianity as an religious system is mentally founded on two different “institutionalized concepts” of its own identity. The first one is anarchical – related to the religious-reformist potential of the early “Jesus movement” and of the gospel; the second one is archical (authoritarian) – related to the “classic” hierarchic structures of religious-political power. Both concepts...
Author tells the story of his close and very long-lasting acquaintance with Leszek Kołakowski as well as commentates on his intellectual biography and achievements as political and literary essayist, philosopher, historian of ideas, and public figure. In particular he describes in details the first half of Kołakowski’s life, namely the period when he made his long journey from being communist in his...
New theories and research methods as applied in the study of premodern literature and other arts as well, tend to ignore their essential differences from works of the modern era, the latter being formatted according to classicist aesthetic and transmitted mostly in one (printed) version. In case of oral and manuscript delivery there is no established unified text and criticism centered on one text...
The paper deals with the functions and criteria by which research is classified. In particular, the author focuses on examining the applied sciences and R&D, presenting an analysis of the factors underlying their negligible impact on the country’s economic development. In part, the fault for this state of affairs lies with the poor system of research in Poland and with the research and researcher...
Three types of scholars are identified: precursor, savant, and instigator. Scholars produce creative and seminal ideas that serve to advance science. In parallel, three types of researchers are singled out: replicator, erudite, and outsider. Their work lacks creativity and originality, being mostly imitative and derivative. Science (the body of knowledge) is advanced by some, and hampered by other...
The term “gene” was originally used as a purely theoretical concept. After discovery of DNA structure, and understanding the genetic code, the gene acquired a form of a distinct physical entity with its borders and specific signal sequences, having rather simple (as it was thought at that time) functions and relation to phenotype outcome. The term “structural gene” has been coined. The unique gene...
This paper is a voice in the discussion on research procedures, postulated and put into practice by Max Weber. I’m particularly interested in his historical research and the outcomes he gained from it. I see in it some original solutions, including those, which might successfully be put (and they are) many times in modern humanistic research. Some of them, for example weberian modeling (today called...
Public discussion around the accessibility of Artificial Reproduction Technology (ART) in Poland is not limited to considerations of the moral aspects of medical intervention into human fertility. Scientists of various disciplines get involved in these discussions as opponents to this form of procreation. Referring to research conducted all over the world, they suggest that children born thanks to...
Today, the P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology is an ensemble of 1,300 employees numbering 110 doctors of sciences and 276 candidates of sciences of various disciplines. The Institute was established in 1946 on the basis of the Laboratory of Oceanology set up in 1941. P.P. Shirshov became the Institute’s first Director. The main objectives of the Institute lie in a complex study of the World Ocean...
Authors present an overview of hierarchical control of saccades, explaining why the saccadic refixation response is a cortically mediated activity. The time structure of saccadix refixation is discussed focusing on the long latency of response, which cannot be justified by physiological transmission delays. Cortical saccades procrastination is described based on the Professor Carpenter LATER Model...
Piotr Słonimski, full professor of genetics at University Paris 6 and associate professor on Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics P.A.S. Born in Warsaw 9.11.1922 died in Paris 25.04.2009. He was full member of French Academy of Science and foreign member of Polish Academy of Sciences, Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences as well as of several others European Academies and dr. hc of many European...
The author describes the main scientific achievements of prof. Barbara Skarga. The article was written as an opinion in the procedure of renewing her doctorate. The celebration of renewing the doctorate of prof. Barbara Skarga took place at Warsaw University in May 2008.
The article describes a country-wide attempt to organize a network of laboratories performing molecular diagnostic procedures in a context of clinical hematology. The principles of construction of a commissioned grant in molecular hematology are presented. A major result of this project, the monographic book on molecular hematology is being announced.
The article reminds the life and work of the eminent Soviet nuclear physicist, dissident and human rights activist Andriej Sacharow on the occasion of twentieth anniversary of his death. The author emphasizes the extraordinary personality of the great advocate of civil liberties and reforms in the Soviet Union.
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