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Food and financial insecurity are becoming prominent issues facing much of the developing world. As population densities in these already resource constrained regions continue to increase, it is inherent that a source of sustainable income and a reliable food source be provided, especially to rural populations. Mushroom cultivation is an environmentally benign, sustainable source of nourishment that...
Timely and robust diagnosis of plant diseases and nutrient deficiencies play a major role in management of crop yield. Automation is a low cost alternative to human experts and can help to detect early onset of crop diseases which aids faster decision making and in giving recommendations to farmers to curb yield loss. We have developed a smart-phone based participatory sensing application for agriculture...
Proper healthcare is one of the fundamental needs of human beings. However, the doctor-to-patient ratio in developing and underdeveloped countries, especially in remote rural areas is quite low. A smart digital stethoscope, which can make preliminary health monitoring by itself and communicate with a doctor from remote areas can minimize such problem. Though there are several such devices from various...
Natural disasters such as earthquakes and tsunamis often have a devastating effect on human life and cause noticeable damage to infrastructure. Active research has been ongoing to mitigate the impact of these catastrophes and preclude the economic losses. The existing methods that utilize pre-event and post-event images not only require the immediate and guaranteed availability of the appropriate...
Geovisualization, with its capacity to provide tools for visual spatial analysis, has wide-ranging domain applications to support sense and decision making in humanitarian crisis management. The need for such tools is manifest in the Middle East in light of the Syrian civil war and ensuing mass migration of millions of refugees to neighboring countries. The Zaatari refugee camp, home to 80,000 Syrian...
The advent of old diseases in new places, of newly-emerging infectious diseases not seen before, and of highly resistant organisms, has complicated disaster response and the management of displaced populations. One method for addressing that developing risk is to attack pathogens before they become life-threatening infections using area and wound decontamination and disinfection techniques. Current...
Efficient irrigation water usage is vital for low-income countries to keep up with projected population and income growth. Current weather- and soil-moisture-based smart irrigation controllers are not easily transferable to the economic and technological context of low-income countries and small remote farms. This paper presents the design of a passive automated irrigation controller that uses standard...
In early 2017, Cyclone Debbie caused widespread damage and disruption to electricity supply and other infrastructure in Queensland and New South Wales. This placed considerable strain on citizens and responders alike, as they sought to find ways to keep their mobile telephones charged. Despite the advance warning of the cyclone, news reports suggest that considerable portions of the population were...
Water is one of the precious factors in human life. It plays a vital role in the survival and existence of flora and fauna. But, now a days it is been exploited heavily by dumping of human waste, industrial and chemical waste in to the water bodies which is the resultant of water being contaminated with toxic chemicals. Water scarcity and water contamination has been one of the major issues faced...
OceanNet project uses a hierarchical point-to-multi-point backhaul network using long range Wi-Fi technology to provide extended offshore connectivity for fishing vessels. This work is aimed to understand the interrelationship between the design parameters and the reason for considering specific parameter values for the OceanNet solution. The research work explores the communication systems theoretical...
The Ayllu Solar project's main goal is to foster the sustainable development of rural/urban communities in Arica & Parinacota region, northern Chile, by means of using solar energy. This is a 5-year project based on three pillars, namely, (i) the creation of replicable and scalable energy solutions, (ii) the development of human capital capacities for the effective use of solar energy, and (iii)...
Free Learning for Humanity (FLH) is a new initiative to bring free online learning, experience, and new forms of credentials to those without access to higher education from an accredited institution. FLH is resourced as part of a seed grant from IEEE New Initiatives Committee plus from a growing base of worldwide volunteers and organizations. FLH is not a program or a system, but rather a set of...
We developed an approach to a resilient communications system for post-disaster situations that make use of cooperative missions involving multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), ground teams, and vehicle communication hubs (VHUB). In this paper, we will discuss how the communication system can operate even without relying on conventional communication networks such as the cellular network and Internet,...
Water is imperative for running the field hospital during disasters. The water supply equipment is used to supply the water to patients and to ensure the self-sufficiency of the medical teams. In designing the water supply equipment, logistics is the key aspect. To improve the water supply equipment, the method to identify the field requirement is valuable. This study discusses the design and the...
In March of 2014 a committee was formed to investigate ways that the IEEE and volunteers could be of value in disaster response efforts. Through a number of focus groups, and interviews with presently active non-governmental organizations (NGOs), a working set of needs, and technical specifications to meet them, was produced. In February of 2016, our prototype vehicle, MOVE (Mobile Outreach VEhicle)...
Solar thermal energy has the potential to supply clean energy for applications such as heating or cooking, however times of high solar intensity are often misaligned with the diurnal or seasonal demand for thermal energy. Solar thermochemical energy storage systems (STESS) based on reversible reactions are promising solutions due to their high volumetric energy density and ability to store energy...
Augmenting educational opportunities for rural village girls in India has been highlighted as a significant Millennium Development Goal (MDG) necessary to help eradicate poverty in developing countries. The role of proper electrification in rural villages, another MDG, plays a significant role in providing necessary energy for educational needs. In a small village in the state of Jharkhand, India...
During conflicts such as climatic catastrophe, war etc. in various countries, including underdeveloped countries, there has been a lack of experienced medical personnel leading to a significant rise in the death toll. To overcome this crisis, a real time automatic injecting device (AID) with robust vein detection is presented in this paper. This device is capable of automatically injecting medicines...
Solar energy kiosks in developing countries are commonly designed with battery storage as daytime energy production does not coincide with an evening peak consumption. Curtailment of excess solar energy production can occur when current load and battery storage charging is not high enough during peak solar generation hours. Valuation of the options for coping with this phenomena, after a system is...
HF and VHF radios retain considerable operational benefits for disaster communications. In particular, they can be the only available communications channel into a disaster zone, and are capable of communications over tens to thousands of kilometers. However, their bandwidth is extremely limited, as low as 1 bit/second, which has previously limited their utility as a backbone for public telecommunications...
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