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The paper reports on an extensive set of outdoor measurements aimed at characterizing the polarimetric radar backscatter response of vehicles at 222 GHz. This effort supports the future application of high frequency radars operating around 230 GHz in autonomous vehicle navigation and collision avoidance. It is observed that radar backscatter is primarily from the outer surfaces of the vehicle and...
The FabSpace 2.0 project (the open-innovation network for geodata-based innovation — by leveraging Space data in particular, in universities 2.0), funded by European Union under the Horizon Programme, aims at making universities open innovation centres for their region and improving their contribution to the socio-economic and environmental performance of societies. In order to achieve these general...
In this paper, a novel low-cost, reliable, and real-time telemetry technique in deep boreholes drilling is developed. This is accomplished by using the drilling pipe surrounded by the drilling mud as a Single Conductor Transmission Line (SCTL). A very compact transducer of dimensions 0.006λ×0.006λ×0.05λ (where λ is the free space wavelength) is designed for properly exciting a TM surface wave on the...
Using the dielectric/permittivity spectra from liquid hydrocarbons to characterize their composition requires knowledge of their geochemistry and the geological processes that formed them. Complex permittivity measurements of two crude oils and gas condensate at 25°C were conducted using two state of the art multipoint resonant cavities. High accuracy permittivity values were obtained for nine different...
Since 1994, NASA's Earth Science Data System (ESDS) Program, central to facilitating the implementation of NASA's Earth Science strategic plan, has committed to the full and open, public sharing of Earth science data obtained from NASA instruments. A vital responsibility of the ESDS Program is to continuously evolve the entire data and information system (“EOSDIS”) to maximize returns on NASA's collected...
The advancement of Sensor Web technologies shows great promise to complement satellite remote sensing observations with fine-grained observations from in-situ sensors. One possibility is to use the timely observations from in-situ sensors to overcoming the limitation of long-term revisit periods in remote sensing products in time-critical situations. This often requires the timely processing of real-time...
We describe efforts to bring new methods of search analytics, machine learning, natural language processing and data visualization to address the challenge of finding and extracting meaning from unstructured text and multimedia content. We use the Polar domain to motivate the problem and our proposed solution. However our techniques are applicable and scalable to other domains.
Geospatial fusion provides methods to get the most value from geospatial information. A previous OGC study on geospatial fusion identified recommendations for observation fusion, feature fusion and decision fusion. Many of the recommendations were taken up in OGC Innovation Program and are now present in the OGC Standards baseline. This paper reviews the remaining recommendations from the previous...
A wide array of time-sensitive satellite data is required in the research and development activities for natural hazard assessment, storms and weather prediction, hurricane tracking, disaster and emergency response, and so on. Identifying and analyzing the latencies of large volumes of real-time and near real-time satellite data is very useful and helpful for detecting transmission issues, managing...
The use of co-polarization (HH or VV) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) normalized radar cross section (NRCS) measurements to estimate winds speed has matured to an operational product. However, these wind speed retrievals have only been well validated for wind speeds less than 20 m/s and require some a priori estimated of the wind direction. At higher wind speeds, the radar cross section for co-polarization...
This paper analyzes and compares multiple techniques for estimating the mean square slope (MSS) of surface waves during Hurricane Ike in the Gulf of Mexico and studies the correlation of these estimates with co-located independent surface wind measurements. The measurements used in this analysis include a GPS reflections instrument, a Scanning Frequency Microwave Radiometer (SFMR), a Wide Swath Radar...
The Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission was launched January 31st, 2015. It is designed to measure the soil moisture over land using a combined active / passive L-band system. Due to the Aquarius mission, L-band model functions for ocean winds and salinity are already mature and may be directly applied to the SMAP mission. In contrast to Aquarius, the higher resolution and scanning geometry...
The assimilation of Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) winds has proven to be beneficial for the European Center for Medium Range Weather Forecasting (ECMWF) system, particularly over the Tropics. In this study, several important aspects of the ASCAT data are addressed in order to further test and improve the impact of scatterometer wind data assimilation into ECMWF Integrated Forecasting System (IFS)...
This paper addresses the reconstruction of high-resolution Sea Surface Height (SSH) from the synergy between along-track altimeter data, OI-interpolated SSH fields and satellite-derived high-resolution Sea Surface Temperature (SST) fields. We aim at better resolving the fine-scale range, typically below 100km, which remains scarcely resolved by operational optimal interpolation schemes. The proposed...
Remote sensing techniques for estimation of high-resolution (sub-mesoscale) ocean surface currents have been of interest to science community for many years. Different radar techniques have been tried, with the most popular being along track interferometry and direct Doppler analysis measurements. Jet Propulsion laboratory (JPL) has recently developed a new airborne Ka-band Doppler scatterometer (DopplerScatt),...
Satellite-based estimates of whitecap fraction W provide consistent global, long-term data useful to quantify air-sea processes. Our first algorithm providing satellite-based W data uses passive microwave observations from WindSat at low spatial resolution, early version of the WindSat geophysical model function (GMF) for surface emissivity and the atmosphere, and input variables from various sources...
The Earth is arguably the most complex object in the solar system, both in terms of the diversity of materials and compounds as well as the diversity of processes occurring in the Earth system. Comprehensive global measurements are required to investigate, understand and model this complex system that includes processes within and between the biosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere, and atmosphere...
Since hyperspectral remote sensing (HRS) came in the middle 1980s, a number of hyperspectral imagers (e.g., EO-1 Hyperion) have been developed all over the world. China, as one of the pioneers in HRS technology development, also has been active and contributed significantly to the HRS community. This paper updates recent advances and future plans in Chinese developments in spaceborne imaging spectroscopy...
PRISMA (PRecursore IperSpettrale della Missione Applicativa) is an Italian Earth Observation hyperspectral mission, fully funded by the Italian Space Agency (ASI — Agenzia Spaziale Italiana) and scheduled for launch in 2018. The PRISMA system will be composed of a Space Segment, consisting in a single satellite, embarking a state-of-the-art hyperspectral and panchromatic payload, a Launch Segment...
Although traditional remote sensing systems based on spectral reflectance can already provide estimates of the “potential” photosynthetic activity of terrestrial vegetation through the quantification of total canopy chlorophyll content or absorbed photosynthetic radiation, the determination of the “actual” photosynthetic activity of terrestrial vegetation requires information about how the absorbed...
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