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The land surface reflectance is a fundamental climate data record at the basis of the derivation of other climate data records (Albedo, LAI/Fpar, Vegetation indices) and has been recognized as a key parameter in the understanding of the land-surface-climate processes. In this presentation, we present the validation of the Land surface reflectance used for MODIS, VIIRS, Landsat 8 and Sentinel 2 data...
Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) land surface albedo (LSA) product is one of the routinely generated VIIRS environmental data records (EDR). A direct estimation approach based on radiative transfer simulation was developed to directly estimate instantaneous LSA value from VIIRS clear-sky top-of-atmosphere (TOA) reflectance. Comprehensive validations and evaluations were performed...
The differences of surface characteristics are very important for sand dune stabilization, sand dune migration, sand transport and dust storm outburst which have been the focus of many researches interest. In this study, a new method for surface characteristic assessment on a regional scale was developed using a Decision Tree approach based on combination the TCA and DI with the TGSI derived from...
Forest, one of the most important natural resources, has been degraded in both quantity and quality due to the insensive human activities. This research identified the relationship between spatial pattern of forest and socioeconomic drivers in southern New Hampshire. The results indicated that house density was the most important factor in contributing to the forest fragmentation. The area-related...
SESAME (SEntinel-1 SAR companion Multistatic Explorer) is a passive SAR satellite mission proposed for the ESA Earth Explorer Program. SESAME comprises two receive-only C-band SAR satellites flying in close formation to build a single-pass SAR interferometer (SP-InSAR) using the active signal of the European Sentinel-1 satellite. The SESAME mission addresses applications in geoscience and climate...
This paper provides a compact overview of SESAME, a mission concept in which two receive-only small Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) satellites flying in close formation would allow single-pass interferometric observations using Sentinel-1 as transmitter.
The launches of the US Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) on November 19, 2016 and the Japanese Advanced Himawari Imager (AHI) on October 7, 2014 represented a new era of geostationary operational environmental satellite (GOES) imagers. Both ABI and AHI provide many more channels than any other already launched GOES imagers in the world. In this study, we compare the impacts of assimilating all ABI and/or...
In this research, we proposed the Synchro Water Index (SWI) to detect widespread inundation extent in a transboundary river basin using the time-series Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) data, a major contributor to progress in international flood monitoring. After removing clouds using the White-object Index (WoI), the multi-temporal processing coupled with in-situ water level data...
Monitoring freeze-thaw (FT) transitions in high latitude regions are critical to enhancing our knowledge about the prediction of biogeochemical transitions, carbon dynamics, climate change, and impacts on boreal-arctic ecosystems. Since land surface emissivity depends primarily on the surface characteristics, it would contains valuable information about the surface, especially regarding freeze and...
The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) instrument which is onboard the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (S-NPP)/Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) satellites has transitioned much of the capability of the experimental MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instruments into the operational domain. VIIRS provides a continuation of global environment monitoring...
Accurate representation of currently actual land surface types at regional to global scales is critical for land surface parameterization in numerical weather, climate, hydrological and ecological models. Depending on the time scale, monitoring land surface type changes is also increasingly important for natural disaster assessment and natural resources management. To provide near real time surface...
The Soil Moisture Ocean Salinity (SMOS) soil moisture retrievals are too dry and noisy when compared to the South Fork of the Iowa River (SFIR), a heavily agricultural watershed with a USDA-ARS in situ soil moisture network. After testing for invalid retrievals, errors in auxiliary datasets, and a non-representative parameterization of scattering in the canopy, soil surface roughness changes were...
Thermal anomalies might be an important precursor of earthquake, however not fully proved. In this study, time series of Land Surface Temperature (LST) data spanning over 14 years have been processed and analyzed to locate possible anomalous variations prior to the 2016 Menyuan Ms6.4 earthquake (China). A smoothing procedure have been applied to exclude the seasonal or annual effects from the LST...
Soil moisture at high spatial resolution is required for various land processes related studies. However, currently the resolution of passive microwave retrieved soil moisture is low. To solve this problem, a soil moisture disaggregation algorithm based on thermal inertia relationship between daily temperature change and average soil moisture modulated by vegetation conditions has been formulated...
The European Space Agency's SMOS and NASA's SMAP soil moisture remote sensing satellite missions do not perform well in several agricultural regions. For example, we have found that SMOS and SMAP soil moisture retrievals are 0.09 to 0.07 m3 m−3 lower, respectively, than an in-situ soil moisture network in one such agricultural region in Central Iowa, USA. We hypothesize that this dry bias is in part...
ALOS-2 ScanSAR data was used for examining the effect of precipitation and soil moisture variations on L-band forest backscatter in tropical regions. Multitemporal data spanning from observation cycle 39 to 62 acquired over tropical forests in South America and Africa has been used. Precipitation data provided through JAXA's global rainfall watch was used to examine the temporal change of L-band σ...
Retrievals of falling snow from space represent an important data set for understanding the Earth's atmospheric, hydrological, and energy cycles, especially during climate change. Estimates of falling snow must be captured to obtain the true global precipitation water cycle, snowfall accumulations are required for hydrological studies, and without knowledge of the frozen particles in clouds one cannot...
High Mountain Asia (HMA), often referred to as the “third pole” of the world because its high elevation glaciers, contains the largest amount of fresh water outside the polar ice sheets. The region's hydrology is strongly controlled by variations in the timing and distribution of runoff from snow and glacier melt. Recent improvements in remote sensing technologies and atmospheric / land surface models...
Extreme climate events are projected to increase under the context of global warming associated with the increase in greenhouse gas emissions. In particular, coastal regions which are also characterized with significant urbanization will be vulnerable to the extreme events, such as severe typhoon. Timely assessment and accurate information on the extent and severity of the damage caused by extreme...
After over two decade of efforts, many land products are now being produced systematically from a variety of satellite data, and these products have been widely used. However, estimating a set of atmospheric and surface variables from one sensor data is often an ill-posed inversion problem, because the number of unknowns is often larger than the available bands[1]. Thus, one has to make assumptions...
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