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The Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) is the primary payload for NOAA's Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite R-series (GOES-R). The first of this new generation GOES was launched on November 19, 2016, and named GOES-16 when it reached the orbit on November 29, 2016. ABI incorporated numerous advanced technologies to meet the ever-demanding users' requirements. There is great interest in...
The Earth is arguably the most complex object in the solar system, both in terms of the diversity of materials and compounds as well as the diversity of processes occurring in the Earth system. Comprehensive global measurements are required to investigate, understand and model this complex system that includes processes within and between the biosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere, and atmosphere...
EnMAP (Environmental Mapping and Analysis Program) is a German spaceborne imaging spectrometer Earth observing mission planned for launch in 2019. This paper reflects the status of the mission with an focus to changes of the Ground Segment based on a major review conducted in 2016 and the EnMAP Data Exploitation and Application Development Program and recent activities.
This paper presents the design and preliminary performance tests of an L-band synthetic aperture interferometic radiometer using the new sampling concept of clock scan. With the advantages of simple and deployable array structure, the concept of Clock Scanning Microwave Interferometric Radiometer (CS-MIR) has much potential to apply for the future Solar Polar Orbit (SPO) and Geostationary Earth Orbit...
A new ground moving target indication algorithm for single channel Circular Synthetic Aperture Radar (CSAR) is presented and evaluated by airborne CSAR dataset. The algorithm is based on overlap subaperture magnitude images. The subaperture image can be regarded as the background image (clutter) plus the foreground image (moving target). The background image is obtained by median filter. Then the...
Breaking through the forward-looking limitation of monostatic synthetic aperture radar (SAR), bistatic forward-looking SAR (BFL-SAR) brings much potential in areas such as automatic navigation and landing in bad weather conditions. For many cases of BFL-SAR mounted on maneuvering-platform (MBFL-SAR), neither the flight path is straight nor the topography is flat. Conventional imaging algorithms designed...
Ground-based SAR has become an important remote sensing technology means for deformation monitoring in recent years. However, in order to achieve higher efficiency data acquisition and wider observation, arc antenna array technology is applied to ground-based SAR. In this paper, a polar format imaging algorithm for arc antenna array ground-based SAR is proposed. Firstly, a brief background on ground-based...
In this study, we propose a method to calibrate the laser pulse return intensity of a Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS) based on Artificial Neural Networks. The laser pulse return intensity has an important rule on rocks types' classification when using Digital Outcrops Models (DOM) and has been the focus of much research by the geological community as it helps the geological interpretation in outcrops...
Three dimensional (3-D) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image formation provides the scene reflectivity estimation along azimuth, range and elevation co-ordinates. For 3-D image focusing multiple signals, acquired along different orbits, are required. In order to obtain the tomographic resolution, this paper apply a novel strategy into geosynchronous synthetic aperture radar (GEO SAR), which allow...
For the high-precision and long-aperture SAR, range shift errors are introduced by the residual errors after aperture-independent motion compensation, as well as the azimuth phase errors. Both the frequency domain methods and the time domain algorithms exist shortcoming when dealing with the problem, i.e. inaccuracy and huge computation, respectively. Limitations of these algorithms has been analyzed...
This paper considers techniques of aspect feature extraction and application of targets taken over one or more wide-angle apertures. Compared with traditional narrow-aperture Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), multi-aspect SAR can provide observation of targets in more azimuth directions. Radar backscattering is typically characterized by location and azimuth directions. Thus target anisotropic scattering...
With more degrees of freedom in the along-track axis, multichannel SAR systems are widely investigated for the purpose of ground moving target indication and motion parameter estimation. However, since conventional multichannel SAR system usually works at the side-looking mode and only the radial velocity is considered, it fails to detect targets only moving in azimuth. In this paper, the variable-boresight...
GaoFen-3 is China's first meter-level multi-polarization Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) satellite with scientific and commercial applications, which was developed by the China Academy of Space Technology (CAST) and had been launched in August, 2016. The SAR instrument and ground data processing system were developed by the Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IECAS). It employs a...
Regularization technology can be utilized to improve the azimuth resolution for forward-looking scanning radar (FLSR). Among various regularization methods, L1 norm constrained method is usually adopted for its strong ability in resolving the sparse targets. Nevertheless, the solution of L1-norm constrained regularization method (L1-CRM) is sensitive to noise and the iterations would quickly diverge...
This summary presents an adaptive large-size moving target imaging technique for bistatic forward-looking SAR (BFL-SAR). The main problems of this issue are that not only the echo characteristics (including range cell migration and Doppler parameters) are unknown, but also the spatial-variances of these characteristics are nonlinear for different point-scatterers. The proposed technique relies on...
Recently, sparse radar imaging has drawn more and more attentions, which has the superiority of feature enhancement, super-resolution and so on. In this paper, we focus on sparse moving target imaging (MTIm) using a SAR sensor from sparse aperture (SA) data. For maneuvering targets, their strong motion tends to introduce migration through range cell (MTRC), which increases the difficulty of SA imaging...
Many methods have been developed over the last several decades to provide spatial imaging from backscattered ISAR data, including range-Doppler processing, subspace techniques, and more recently, compressive sensing. Range-Doppler processing generally has a lower resolution than subspace and compressive sensing techniques. Subspace techniques provide a high resolution image and perform well in the...
Current through-the-wall imaging systems rely on large arrays of directive antennas to map buildings' interiors and hidden objects with a high cross range resolution. This paper introduces a new technique for through-the-wall radar imaging in which instead of large antenna arrays which reduces the mobility of the system, a small number of moving transceivers with omnidirectional antennas is utilized...
The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) collects two styles of low light imaging data at night, enabling the detection of electric lighting and combustion sources. NOAA operates two near-real time processing chains to exploit the low light imaging data collected by VIIRS. One is focused on the detection of heavily lit fishing boats, providing fishery agencies with information related...
In February 2017, the Earth Observing One (EO-1) satellite mission successfully completed sixteen years and three months of Earth imaging by its two unique instruments, the Hyperion and the Advanced Land Imager (ALI). Both instruments have served as prototypes for new orbital sensors. Hyperion has provided the only available global sample of the Earth's surface with: (i) passive optical mid-morning...
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